Abstract:The myostatin cDNA was cloned by means of RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE),and its structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationship were also analyzed in the Mandarin Fish,Siniperca chuatsi. The full length of mandarin fish MSTN cDNA was 2 627 bp,and it contained a 117 bp 5′-untranslated region,a 1 376 bp 3′-untranslated region and a 1 134 bp open reading frame( ORF),which encoded 377 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 22 amino acids. A conservative hydrolytic site, RARR and 9 cysteine residues,the common domains of vertebrate MSTNs,were identified in mandarin fish MSTN. Mandarin fish was grouped into the same branch as other fishes in vertebrate MSTN phylogeny. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the mandarin fish MSTN transcript expression varied among different tissues. Its expression was detected in ovary,kidney,eye,muscle,heart,brain,skin and stomach,but not in liver.

Abstract:The eggs of Squalidus argentatus were collected in the lower reaches of the Chishui River from March to July,2007. Ontogenesis of S. argentatus was observed,and starvation tolerance of the larva was studied. The egg of S. argentatus belongs to middle-sized drifting egg,which had two layers of membrane,with the outer layer 3. 35 ± 0. 41 mm in diameter. Embryonic development was subdivided into 32 stages,which lasted for about 40 hours under the water temperature of 24. 6 to 25. 5℃ . The average total length of newly hatched larvae was 3. 8mm,with rudiment of pectoral fin and a macula under its eye. Before developing to a young fish, postembryonic development of the larva lasted for about 85 days. The larva began to feed on the second or the third day after hatching,and then the initial feeding rate reached the highest level of 100% on the 5th day. Effects of starvation on growth,development and survival were observed. The point of no return (PNR) was 11 to 12 days after hatching,and almost all larvae died before the 13th day.

Abstract:Tylototriton kweichowensis is endemic to China and is listed as a category Ⅱ species of the state key protected wildlife. Its distribution area is extremely limited. To study the genetic diversity and its genetic variation of T. kweichowensis populations,we sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA D-loop ( mtDNA control region) and tRNA^Phe of 58 samples obtained from 12 populations. Only 16 variable sites were detected in the nucleotide sequences of 808 bp,and 26 haplotypes were identified. T. kweichowensis populations have high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity. Neither the estimate of Tajima’s D nor that of Fu and Li’s D deviated significantly from the neutral selection hypothesis for 12 populations. Phylogenetic trees and Median joining Network analysis demonstrated that all the haplotypes could not be clustered to corresponding geographic clades,but showed disordered distribution pattern. There are signs of genetic divergence between Shuicheng population and anyone of others,according to gene flow N_m < 1. In general,there is no distinctive geneticdivergence among its populations.

Abstract:In order to explore the correlation of spatial learning and memory functions with aging and SytⅠlevel in hippocampus,three groups of Kunming mice (Mus musculus)at different ages (22 months,11 months and 6 months,respectively) were used. The ability of spatial learning and memory was evaluated by six-arm radial water maze ( RAWM ),the expression of Syt Ⅰ was detected by the immunohistochemistry method ( S-P method),and the data of RAWM and Syt Ⅰ relative content were analysed. It is showed that the average number of errors and latency during learning and memory phase was higher in the 22-month-old group than that in the middle-aged or young group (P < 0. 05),and that there was no significant difference between the middle- aged mice and young mice ( P > 0. 05 ). Meantime,the relative Syt Ⅰ amount in the DG and CA3 ofhippocampus in the 22-month-old mice was significantly higher than that in the middle-aged or young mice ( P < 0. 05). The positive correlation was confirmed between the relative level of Syt I in the DG and CA3 of hippocampus and the number of errors and latency during learning and memory phase (P < 0. 05). Therefore, the results indicate that age-related impairment of spatial learning and memory exists,and the amount of SytⅠ in hippocampus significantly increases with aging in Kunming mice, and that the amount of Syt Ⅰ in hippocampus may be involved in the age-related spatial cognitive impairment.

Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of paternal deprivation ( PD) on offspring social interaction of the same sex and neuronal activation of relative nucleus in Mandarin Voles ( Microtus mandarinus). The results of social interaction tests showed that male mandarin voles whose fathers were deprived had significantly less investigating behavior and body contact(P < 0. 01),while female mandarin voles whose fathers were deprived showed less staring and self-grooming behaviors( P < 0. 05); however,both male and female mandarin voles whose fathers were deprived displayed longer duration of inaction( P < 0. 05) than their controls. The number of Fos immunoreactivity ( Fos-IR) neurons in male mandarin voles whose fathers were deprived was significantly higher in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis ( BST) ( P < 0. 01 ),the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) (P < 0. 05)and the central nucleus of the amygdale (Ce)(P < 0. 05); the number of Fos-IR neurons in female mandarin voles whose fathers were deprived were also significantly higher in the BST and PVN ( P < 0. 01 ) compared to the control. The results reveal that social interactions and spontaneous activities of the offspring of mandarin voles may be reduced due to paternal deprivation,and that neural activation of brain regions associated with response to social stress might be significantly enhanced.

Abstract:Rousettus leschenaulti is a common fruit-eating bat in Xishuangbanna,Southwest China,its feeding behavior was observed in the field and its food intake on fruit of Dimocarpus longan was estimated in the laboratory. R. leschenaultia usually caught fruits from one tree and took the food to another species of trees to consume them in the study area. During the period of the research,we did not observe the bat consuming the fruit of D. longan in where they got them. There were three foraging peaks at 20:30 - 21:00,22:00 - 22:30 and 1:00 - 1:30 in the night from 19:30 to 5:30 next morning. . We fed the 10 bats with the fruits of D. longan and found that each bat consumed 6 to 20 fruits of D. longan depending on their body weight. The quantity of food took by each bat in one night was as weight as 1 - 1. 8 times of its body mass.

Abstract:We inventoried the wild animal species displayed and assessed ex situ conservation capacity of Chinese zoos from 2007 to 2008. Altogether,we surveyed 58 zoos personally or interviewed 10 zoos by correspondence. We recorded 789 wild animal species ( including the subspecies of tiger Panthera tigris and leopard P. pardus) in the surveyed zoos; which was 180 species more than the 600 animal species recorded in the Chinese zoos in early 1990s. Number of exotic wild animal species in the surveyed zoos increased to 267 species from about 100 species recorded in Chinese zoos in early 1990s. About 4. 0% ,22. 7% ,28. 2% ,and 25. 0% respectively of the 302 amphibians,384 reptiles,1 332 birds and 607 mammals in China were displayed in those surveyed zoos. Among those species,234 State Key Protected Wild Animal Species and 254 CITES Appendix listed species were kept in those zoos. Category Ⅰ and Category Ⅱ State Key Protected Wild Animal Species kept in those zoo accounted for 70. 57% and 47. 09% of the national totals whereas Chinese animal species listed in CITES Appendix Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ accounted for 64. 21% ,60. 86% and 50% of the national totals. Chinese zoos successfully bred giant panda Ailuiopodidae melanoleuca,golden-haired monkey Rhinopithecus roxellanae,snow leopard P. unicia,South China tiger P. t. amoyensis,and Asiatic elephant Elephas maximus. Many exotic species such as cheetah Acinonyx jubatus,gorilla Gorilla gorilla and puma Puma concolor also have been successfully bred in Chinese zoos. However,we discovered: (1) only about one fourth of Chinese mammals,birds and reptile,even less amphibians were kept and displayed in the surveyed zoos; (2) captive populations in the surveyed zoos were small: 5. 09 ± 2. 15,5. 69 ± 4. 28,15. 00 ± 6. 63 and 10. 08 ± 2. 91 for amphibians,reptiles,birds and mammals,respectively; most of the populations in the zoos did not form viable populations; (3) cage sizes in some zoos,particularly the small sized zoos were too small; some animals in the zoos displayed stereotyped behaviors; ( 4 ) pedigrees of giant panda,South China tiger and cranes bred in Chinese zoos have been drawn up,however,most of the species kept in Chinese zoos do not have pedigrees; (5) in the old style small zoos,there were problems like sanitation,only keeping a single animal in cages and mistakes on the name plates of animals. Zoos are an important part of modern society and human civilization. We should attach importance to the development of modern zoos,to enhance the international collaboration and exchange in Chinese zoos,to establish pedigrees for more animals in zoo,to improve the infrastructure,to increase pen size and to enrich the captive environment. The demonstration role of the large zoos in the country will lead all zoos to fully realize its functions such as animal exhibition,biodiversity education and species conservation.

Abstract:Diurnal behavior of Blue-eared Pheasant ( Crossoptilon auritum) was studied by scan sampling in Zecha forest,Gansu from 1^st December,2007 to 10th January,2008. Feeding proportion of Blue-eared Pheasant was highest ( 40. 62% ) during day time, follow by resting ( 28. 01% ), moving ( 19. 17% ), guarding (12. 55% ). The percentage of moving pheasant in different habitats was significant difference (χ² = 13. 994, df = 3,P < 0. 01),as well as resting percentage(χ² = 15. 899,df = 3,P < 0. 01). Foraging behavior of Blue- eared Pheasant peaked at 9:00 - 11:00 and 15:00 - 17:00 and moving behavior concentrated at 9:00 - 10:00 and 18:00 - 19:00. The resting behavior commonly appeared at 11:00 - 13:00. Pheasants spend more time to forage and guard in farmland habitat than they were in other habitats,and they rested more in stream belt and shrub forest.

Abstract:The reaction system for TRAP makers of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio),one of the major cultured fishes,was designed. The factors of reaction system including Mg²⁺ ,dNTPs,Taq DNA polymerase,DNA template and primer concentrations were optimized and a stable,repeatable TRAP-PCR system for Common Carp was established. The PCR was performed with a final volume of 15 μl reaction solution containing 1. 5 mmol /L of Mg²⁺ ,0. 35 mmol /L of dNTPs,3 mmol /L of each unlabeled 700- and 800- arbitrary primers,10 pmol /L of the fixed primer,60 ng of DNA template and 1. 0 U Taq DNA polymerase. The TRAP reaction program consisted of a pre-denaturing of template DNA at 94℃ for 4 min,followed by 5 cycles of denaturing at 94℃ for 45 s,annealing at 35℃ for 45 s,prolonging at 72℃ for 1min,35 cycles of denaturing at 94℃ for 45 s,annealing at 53℃ for 45 s,prolonging at 72℃ for 1min,and a final prolonging at 72℃ for 10min. This optimized TRAP- PCR reaction system provided a new molecular marker for the future study of genetic diversity,germplasm identification,genetic linkage map construction and relationship analysis in Common Carp.

Abstract:Based on snout-vent length ( SVL) frequency data 113 specimens of Teratoscincus roborowskii were preliminarily divided into six age classes. Then,age determination was evaluated by skeletochronology of 54 samples of the 3^rd section on the 2^nd fore-right phalanges selected from the six age classes. The result of age determination was evaluated by individual growth index measured from mark-recapture samples. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in SVL between male and female individuals,there was a strong correlation between SVL and skeletochronological data. By combining SVL with skeletochronological data,individuals of geckoes less than 6 years old can be identified by the technique of Skeletochronology.

Abstract:In this study,we investigated the palatability on Plateau Pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) by three baits containing anti-fertility compounds of quinestrol,levonorgestrel and EP-1 ( mixture of the two compounds) respectively with oats ( Arena nuda),fodder or carrot ( Daucus carota) as baits ( 10 mg /kg). The results indicated that plateau pikas preferred to eat plain baits of oat and fodder baits over the carrot bait. All the three compounds did not change the palatability of oat,fodder and carrot baits of male pikas. Quinestrol only significantly reduced consumption of oat bait by female Pika ( P = 0. 0128). Levonorgestrel and EP-1 did not significantly reduced food intake of oat,fodder and carrot baits by pikas. In summary,except quinestrol-oak baits on female pika,all the three anti-fertility compounds showed no significant effect on palatability of Pikas, and thus are promising in fertility control for this species.

Abstract:In order to understand the endogenous development of Eimeria flavescens,20 coccidia-free rabbits (Oryctolagus curiculus)were orally inoculated with E. flavescens sporulated oocysts and killed under anesthesia at intervals for collecting intestinal tissue samples. The samples were used for conventional paraffin section and H. E staining. Four asexual generations and one sexual generation. Two types of meronts and merozoites were found in each asexual generation:type A meronts gave rise to a smaller number of thick and short merozoites, while the type B meronts produced lots of thin and long merozoites. The first generation meronts were found in the crypts of the jejunum 60 - 72 h after inoculation (a. i. ). The second generation meronts were found in the crypts of the large intestine 84 h after inoculation. The third generation meronts developed in the villi of the large intestine 96 - 120 h after inoculation. The fourth generation meronts were observed in the crypts of the large intestine 144 - 153 h after inoculation. The gamogony took place in large intestine 167 h after inoculation. The mature oocysts were found 215 h after inoculation.

Abstract:The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the freshwater planarians,Dugesia japonica,from Xiahushan and Panguxi in Tongbai County,Henan Province were studied by air-drying method. The results showed that D. japonica collected from Xiahushan had a diploid number of 16 with a chromosome formula of 2n = 2x = 16m. D. japonica collected from Panguxi had a triploidy number of 24 with a chromosome formula of 2n = 3x = 24m.

Abstract:In this paper,under water temperatures 28. 5℃ ,the toxic effects of ammonia to Hemifusus tuba juveniles ( shells high 11. 3 ± 0. 11 mm,n = 30 ) were studied at different pH and salinity with ecological method. The result showed that salinity has significantly effect on the toxicity of ammonia. The toxicity of ammonia in water became stronger when the salinity was lower. When salinity was 16,19,23 and 28 respectively,the 96hLC₅₀ of total ammonia to H. tuba juveniles were 36. 5,43. 7,52. 6 and 58. 8 mg /L respectively,and equivalent the safe concentration (SC) of total ammonia to the juveniles were 3. 7,4. 4,5. 3 and 5. 9 mg /L,respectively. The toxicity of ammonia in water became stronger in higher pH than in lower. The 96hLC₅₀ and the SC of total ammonia to H. tuba juveniles were 58. 3,54. 5,50. 6,20. 2 mg /L and 5. 8,5. 5, 5. 1 and 2. 0 mg /L,respectively. The 96hLC₅₀ of total ammonia to H. tuba juveniles fell rapidly when pH was 8. 8,and toxicity of ammonia in water became 2. 9 times higher than in pH 7. 6.

Abstract:We sampled invertebrates,water,and soil at Shanlanqiao Cave,Anshun County,Guizhou Province in June 2009. We identified 25 species belonging to 12 families,7 orders,4 classes and 2 phyla from 637 samples and grouped them into spiral shells,millipedes,Opiliones,Diestrammena marmorata,Orthomorpha 5 groups. We measured the content of 8 heavy metals Pb,Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni in the five animal groups and in the water and soil samples by atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The content of Zn was highest among 8 metals,in water (112. 90 μg /L),soil (224. 60 mg / kg), spiral shells ( 146. 80 mg /kg ), millipedes ( 252. 20 mg /kg ), Opiliones ( 556. 80 mg /kg ), Diestrammena marmorata ( 233. 30 mg /kg) and Orthomorpha ( 722. 50 mg /kg). Animal samples contained higher Cd,Cu and Zn than the soil samples did with an accumulation index > 1; while the accumulation index of As,Cu,Zn,Ni was > 1 000 in the animal samples copared with water samples. The same animal group had different accumulation index on different heavy metals,and different groups had different accumulation index on same heavy metal. The content and enrichment of heavy metal in animal samples might be related with theenvironment and with the relation between elements of heavy metal.

Abstract:The effects of weight and stocking density on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of Trachinoms ovatus were determined by the closed flow experimental methods. The results showed that the oxygen consumption of juvenile T. ovatus decreased as its weight increased(P < 0. 05). Light had significant effects on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. The oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of the fry under dark condition was 25. 18% - 40. 76% and 16. 28% - 40. 28% lower than these in the natural light conditions. The oxygen consumption of T. ovatus increased with the increase of stocking density. Ammonia excretion of T. ovatus showed the trend of hyperbola with stocking density increasing( P < 0. 05). Diurnal variation of oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate in T. ovatus was significant,average oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in day time were higher than these at night,oxygen consumption in valley bottom value being 69. 68% of that of peak value and ammonia excretion in valley bottom value being only 30. 91% of that of peakvalue. The asphyxiation point of juvenile T. ovatus was 0. 991 ± 0. 058 mg /L.

Abstract:The digestive system of the Chinese Grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi) was observed for the first time in seven adults from the Lianhuashan Natural Reserve in Gansu,China. The gut length was 161 ± 21 cm,with small intestine and cecum consisting of 40. 2% ± 3. 2% and 44. 9% ± 2. 4% of the total length. The crop volume was 42 ± 9 ml. The ratio of cecum to small intestine was higher than that of other grouse species with the similar weight,such as the Hazel Grouse ( T. bonasia) and the White-tailed Ptarmigan ( Lagopus leucurus), possibly due to the adaptation to fibrous diet.

Abstract:The expression of Bax,TGF-β₂,TGF-β₃ and Ghrelin in the stomach and small intestine of Asio otus after starvation was investigated by immunohistochemical staining,and their expression intensity was analyzed semiquantitatively by a stereological method. The stomach and small intestine showed immunoreactivity of Bax, TGF-β₂ ,TGF-β₃ and Ghrelin. Bax immunopositive cells were mainly distributed in the single-layered columnar epithelial cells of stomach mucosa,intestinal mucosa,intestinal glands and the single-layered cuboidal epithelial cells in deep glands of the glandular stomach. TGF-β₂ and TGF-β₃ immunopositive cells were mainly localized in the single-layered columnar epithelial cells of the mucosa of the glandular stomach,simple tubular glands of muscular stomach,intestinal mucosa,intestinal glands as well as the single-layered cuboidal epithelial cells in deep glands of the glandular stomach and lamina propria in small intestine. Ghrelin immunopositive cells weremainly distributed in the single-layered columnar epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa,intestinal glands as well as the single-layered cuboidal epithelial cells in deep glands of the glandular stomach and lamina propia of small intestine mucosa. The expression of Bax showed the maximum in the glandular stomach,decreased progressively from glandular stomach to duodenum,and then increased from duodenum to ileum. The expression of TGF-β₂ and TGF-β₃ showed the maximum in the duodenum. The expression of TGF-β₂ decreased progressively from duodenum to ileum,while the expression of TGF-β₃ increased from glandular stomach to duodenum,decreased progressively after duodenum,and then increased in ileum. Ghrelin immunopositive cell density gradually decreased from the glandular stomach to the ileum. Bax,TGF-β₂ ,TGF-β₃ and Ghrelin may participate functional regulation of stomach and small intestine.

Abstract:The waterbird diversity in Binzhou,Shandong Province was surveyed by line transects and by fixed- spot observation method from March 2008 to April 2009. Sixty-four species of waterbirds,belonging to 7 orders,15 families and 36 genera were recorded. Among these species,one was national first-grade protected in China,and two were second-grade; 10 species ( 15.6% ) of these birds were winter birds,18 species (28. 1% ) were summer birds,28 species (43.8% ) were passengers and 8 species (12.5% ) were residents. Among these birds,39 species accounting for 62. 5% belong to Palearctic realm,6 species ( 9.4% ) are Oriental birds and 18 species ( 28.1% ) are widespread ones. The Shannon-Wiener index of waterbird in Binzhou is 2. 565 5,Pielou Index is 0. 616 9,and G-F index is 0.6137. The largest diversity index occurred in the reservoir named North Sea. Human activity and environmental degradation are the threats to the water birds in this region.

Abstract:We surveyed the birds by line transects and point counts methods in the lakeside and shore habitats in Chaohu Lake in February,July 2008 and from November 2008 to July 2009. A total of 103 bird species belonging to 33 families,15 orders were counted,of those 3 species are in national grade two protection list and 33 species in Anhui provincial protection list. These birds included 33 residents,37 summer,27 winter and 9 passing migrants. With respect to the breeding birds,23,30 and 16 species accounting for 33. 3% ,43. 5% and 23. 2% of the total species are Palaearctic,Oriental and cosmopolitan species respectively. There were 33 waterbirds found in the offshore areas within 500 meters,of those only 10 species were swimming birds. Only 5 birds were dominant and 15 birds widely distributed in the lake areas. Among five shore habitats,the bosket and abandon field habitat held the high diversity indices,and the shore habitats had the lowest diversity indices. The lake habitat degradation resulted from pollution and indiscriminately exploitation and then had great impacts on bird diversity. So some vigorous efforts should be made to control the lake pollution and restore the wetland habitats so as to encourage the rich bird biodiversity in Chaohu Lake ecosystem.

Abstract:Two stainless steel cannulae were implanted into Sprague-Dawley rat’s bilateral CA1 region of hippocampus by using brain stereotaxic technique. At the same time,four copper electrodes were screwed into the skull for electroencephalogram (EEG) recording and two silver wires in the neck muscle for electromyogram (EMG) recording. After drugs were microinjected into hippocampus,sleep-wake cycle was observed by polysomnography. After γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA,0. 75 μg,1.0 μg) was microinjected into CA1 region of hippocampus,wake duration was enhanced (120.7 ± 13.3 min,124.6 ± 19.2 min,P < 0.05),whereastotal sleep time was reduced (119.4 ± 13.3 min,115.4 ± 19.2 min,P < 0.05) ,and deep slow wave sleep duration was also reduced by 53. 3% ( t = 2.451,P < 0.05) or 63. 5% ( t = 3.367,P < 0.01). In contrast, microinjection of bicuculline (Bic),a GAGA_A receptor antagonist into hippocampus led to the opposite effects: total sleep time was increased (165.5 ± 20. 8 min,P < 0.01 ),wake duration was decreased (74. 5 ± 20.8 min,P < 0.01 ),and deep slow wave sleep duration was increased by 79. 6% ( t = 2.600,P < 0.05 ). Microinjection of baclofen (Bac),a GABA_B receptor agonist,had no effect on sleep and could not block the effect of GABA either. These results indicate that GABA is involved in the regulation of sleep-wake cycle and promotes wake in the CA1 region of hippocampus. The effect of GABA on sleep is due to the change of deep slow wave sleep and GABA_A receptor mediates the process.

Abstract:Healthy Arctic Foxes (Alopex lagopus) and those with self-biting syndrome were used to analyze the cause of the disease by using tail analytical method and RAPD technology. The RAPD marker related to self- biting syndrome was found,and then the marker DNA was cloned and sequenced. The specific sequence,658 bp in length,was obtained.

Abstract:We found two specimens were distinct in morphometric character from Rhacophorus dennysi when tidying the specimens of R. dennysi at our laboratory in August,2009. The specimens were identified as R. leucofasciatus. The species is a new amphibian record to Guizhou Province.

Abstract:Six female odour frogs,collected in Qingmuchuan National Nature Reserve,Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province,in Aug. 2009,were identified as Odorrana margaretae. This species was new record in Shaanxi Province,China. This discovery will provide usefully distributional information for O. margaretae.

Abstract:One specimen of Cyclophiops multicinctus was collected in Guangdong Gudoushan Nature Reserve on 17 May 2008. This is a new record in Guangdong Province.

Abstract:We collected a snake specimen of Twin-spotted Rat-snake( Elaphe bimaculata) in a field survey on wild animal biodiversity at Saihanwula Nature Reserve on August 17,2007. Four more specimens were found in August 2008 and October 2009. This snake is a new record in Inner Mongolia.

Abstract:Three living specimens of Protobothrops cornutus were discovered in Guangdong Tianjingshan Forest in the duration of April and July 2009. It’s the second time to locate P. cornutus in China. This finding has confirmed the natural existence of P. cornutus in China,and it provides important information on the morphology and distribution of this species.

Abstract:凤头鹰(Accipitertrivirgatus)属隼形目(Falconiformes)鹰科(Accipitridae),国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类。

Abstract:Kinetochore is a protein scaffold coordinating the process of chromosome segregation in mitosis. The conserved Ndc80 complex is located on outer kinetochore to connect kinetochore with microtubules,and to stabilize the microtubule-kinetochore attachment. Aurora B /Ipl1 kinase parties involved in correcting the attachment errors. Ndc80 complex is also essential for the functions of spindle assembly checkpoint. This article reviews the current progress in Ndc80 complex studies.

Abstract:笔者于2010年2月22日在陕西省榆林地区调查陕北冬季鸟类时,在榆林市农业生态示范园(N38°15′06.9″,E109°44′39.0″,海拔1072m)发现10余只集小群活动的巨嘴沙雀(Rhodopechysobsoleta)并拍到照片(图1)。

Abstract:游隼(Falcoperegrinus)在全球广泛分布,亚种分化多达16个^[1]。综合以往文献,在中国记录到的游隼亚种有calidus,japonensis,peregrinator,peregrinus^[2-4]。