[Objectives] Using the satellite collar tracking data of six Mongolian wild asses (Equus hemionus) in 2021 and 2024, we delineated the seasonal activity range and identified their core habitats. [Methods] We analyzed the activity areas and spatial distribution patterns of Mongolian wild asses in the warm season (April to October) and cold season (November to the next March) by integrating GIS location data with Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling. Species occurrence records and environmental variables were processed in MaxEnt, with output habitat suitability values classified into three tiers via the Natural Breaks method: rare activity area (0 ~ 0.3), general activity area (0.3 ~ 0.7), and concentrated activity area (0.7 ~ 1.0). Spatially intersecting high-activity areas were delineated as core habitats across seasons. [Results] The model results showed that in 2024, the concentrated activity area, general activity area, and rare activity area of Mongolian wild asses during the warm season covered 4 739.08 km2, 3 466.26 km2, and 6 514.16 km2, respectively (Fig. 2), while the corresponding areas in the cold season were 5 938.88 km2, 4 512.41 km2, and 4 268.20 km2 (Fig. 3). Compared with that in 2021, the concentrated activity area in 2024 increased by 382.67 km2 in the warm season but decreased by 1 826.01 km2 in the cold season. The activity range in the cold season was significantly larger than that in the warm season, with distinct spatial differences in core habitats between the two seasons. During the warm season, Mongolian wild asses primarily aggregated near transportation routes in the central part of the reserve, whereas in the cold season, their distribution expanded eastward toward the Kalamaili Mountains and Sanbastao, while also dispersing northward to Xibaroy and westward into desert regions. Core habitats accounted for 32.2% and 40.4% of the total activity ranges in the warm and cold seasons, respectively (Fig. 4). [Conclusion] The activity areas exhibited a certain degree of fragmentation, with transitional zones of rare activity between some concentrated areas. The ecological spatial distribution and influencing environmental factors varied between warm and cold seasons, with transportation infrastructure, elevation, water source distribution, and vegetation type (Table 2) being key determinants of habitat selection. These findings provide a methodological framework for predicting the future potential habitats of Mongolian wild asses.