[Objectives] There are three recognized species within the genus Filogranella across the world, and most of them distribute in regions including the Red Sea, the Caribbean Sea, and costal region along Indonesia, Philippines, and Malaysia. This study reported the first distribution record of a reef-building tube worm species from the genus Filogranella in China, which was collected from the lagoon of the Meiji Reef in the South China Sea on April 25, 2024. [Methods] Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to identify the morphological characteristics of this species. The mitochondrial 18S rRNA gene fragment was amplified and sequenced to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the species in the family Serpulidae. [Results] The worms inhabit in white calcareous tubes and are composed of four parts: branchial crown, thoracic region, abdominal region, and posterior region. A light-yellow funnel is shown in some individuals occasionally; the worms usually demonstrate thoracic membranes which extend to the middle of the thoracic region; the pinnule is red in color at the root, and form a circular structure when stretch out (Fig. 1). Thoracic region of the worms has 12 or more thoracic chaetigers. The collar chaetiger demonstrates smooth capillary collar chaetaes and geniculate chaetaes, whereas the other thoracic chaetigers show much more diverse structures of chaetaes, including capillary collar chaetaes, smooth capillary collar chaetaes, coarse-toothed collar chaetaes, apomatus chaetaes, and sickle-chaetaes. The abdominal uncini is rasp-shaped with 3 to 7 teeth in transverse rows; posterior region encompasses a slit-like anus (Figs. 2, 3). The Maximal likelihood tree based on the 18S RNA sequence fragment shows that the sample in this study clusters with Filogranella elatensis. Sequence alignment between F. elatensis and our sample shows a comparable fragment with length of 438 bp, and similarity of 99.09% (Table 1, Fig. 4). [Conclusion] Combining the morphological taxonomic characteristics and molecular phylogenetic evidence, this species is identified as F. elatensis. The new distribution record of F. elatensis in this study enriches the marine species database of China.