Vocalization plays an important role in communication, mating and territoriality of songbirds. In the present study, we characterized the vocal behavior of a monotypic species, the Fire-tailed Myzornis Myzornis pyrrhoura, from the alpine areas of the Gaoligong Mountains, China. Our fieldwork was conducted at the Pianma Pass and the Dulongjiang Pass during the breeding seasons (March-July) in 2013 and 2014. We recorded vocalizations from 30 breeding adults, 6 juveniles from three families, and 2 nestlings in one nest, and noted their corresponding behaviors. We classified three types of vocalizations of the adult birds, including the contact calls, the alarm calls and the song of males. Through non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test, we found significant differences among individuals on alarm calls and multiple-syllable contact call, which we had sufficient data. We also illustrated the development of nestlings' begging calls and juveniles' calls. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between call characteristics and day-age of nestlings. The nestlings’ calls changed over time. With increasing age, the note number and duration of nestlings’ calls increased, while its peak frequency decreased. The call of the 20-day nestlings was similar to that of juveniles (Fig. 2). The complexity of the male song of this species was similar to that of its close-related species. Although we made extensive efforts, a few songs were recorded, and the spectrograms of male songs were much complex than their calls (Fig. 3). It is unclear the mechanism of the rarity of the complex song of this alpine breeding species; further experimental study thus is needed.