Nutritional components in the muscle of Megalobrama tarminalis and Parabramis pekinensis were examined and evaluated by routine test method. The protein and crude fat consisted of 18.19% and 3.06% in the muscle M. tarminalis and of 19.38% and 2.89%, in the muscle P. pekinensis, respectively. The crude protein was component of 18 common amino acids, of them 8 were essential amino acids in human body.In dry sample, the total content of amino acids in M. tarminalis was 76.27%, in which 32.17% were essential amino acid. While in the dry muscle sample of P. pekinensis was 77.60%, 31.70% of them were essential amino acid. The ratio of essential amino acid content to total amino acid was 42.18% and 40.85% in the muscle of M. tarminalis and P. pekinensis, that is satisfied the standard of FAO/WHO. The main limited amino acid in the muscle of the two fish species were Met+Cys and Trp, respectively. The essential amino acids index was 63.55 in M. tarminalis and 66.81 in P. pekinensis; while the content of delicious amino acids was 32.81% and 33.80%, respectively. The total content of eicosapntemacnioc acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in fatty acids was high, about 7.96% and 3.11%. The composition of mineral elements in the fish muscle was abundant and with reasonable ratio between each element. The two fish have high nutritive quality and economic value. The quality of M. tarminalis is better based on the content and quality of fat and fatty acid, while P. pekinensis is better on the composition and content of protein and amino acid.