A metacommunity is defined as a set of local communities that are linked by diffusion of multiple potentially interacting species. Now it has become one of the most important basic theory of biological community structure, pattern, and dynamic in habitat patch. Four kinds of theoretical models, such as patch dynamics, species sorting, mass effects and neutral model can be used to explain species migration and describe metacommunity dynamics. The specific type of studied community can be explained by community structure or ecological mechanism. Metacommunity can also be used to study stream fish assemblage, explain fish community structure and so on. This paper prospects the future development of metacommunity research considering the current situation of water ecological environment and aquatic organisms in our country.