To investigate the effects on TGF-β1 and c-Fos expression of Mus musculus liver after injecting ephedrine in mice during pregnancy and lactation．30 pregnant mice were randomly divided into control group and ephedrine group．The pregnant mice of ephedrine group continuously intraperitoneal was injected 6.0 g/L ephedrine solution 0.2 ml from becoming pregnant 3 d to until 15 days after delivery，twice a day，the control group was injected with same amount of saline．Changes of body weight and liver weight were detected and the expression of c-Fos protein and TGF-β1 were measured by immunohistochemistry in liver of filial mice．The results showed that the body weight in ephedrine groups was lower than the control groups at the developmental period (Figure 1)(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01)．The ratio of liver and body weight in the ephedrine group was significantly increased than the control group (Figure 2)(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01)．The optical density of TGF-β1 and c-Fos protein expression of liver in ephedrine group was significantly increased than that of the control group at the each developmental period(Figure 3，4，5)(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05)．The results reveal that ephedrine affects the development of filial mice liver in mice injecting ephedrine during pregnancy and lactation．