The hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis integrates internal and external cues via intricate network of neuroendocrine systems that, ultimately acting on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) system, to regulate reproductive function in mammals. To date, neurokinkin B is proposed as a critical factor on modulating pulsatile GnRH secretion as well as kisspeptin. A large number of previous studies have confirmed that neurokinkin B suppresses GnRH system and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, thereby affecting the onset of puberty and reproduction. However, whether the stimulation or inhibition of LH secretion by NKB remains controversial. In addition, the signaling pathway how NKB acting on GnRH neurons is not clear or whether steroid hormone participate in this Physiological processes, which is currently a subject of intense research in the field. The distribution and bilateral network of NKB and NK3R, as well as effects of NKB on GnRH pulse generator, are systematically elaborated and the remaining unsolved problems are also discussed in this paper.