[Objectives] Distychus maculates is an endemic fish in Turks River of the Yili River basin. In order to protect its resources, we carried out its artificial breeding to explore the embryonic development and post-embryonic development pattern. [Methods] In May 2021, artificial breeding of D. maculates was carried out, the embryonic and post-embryonic development were observed and photographed with a dissecting microscope, and the morphological characteristics of each developmental stage were recorded. Embryos and early larvae were randomly selected each time. The biological indexes of embryos and larvae were measured with Image pro plus 6.0 software. Photoshop CS6 was used for image processing and the SPSS 16.0 software was used for data processing. In this study, K = NT, where K is accumulated temperature (℃?h), N is the time required for development to a certain stage (h), and T is the average water temperature at this stage (℃). Descriptive statistics was presented as mean ± standard error. [Results] In the water temperature of 15.0﹣16.0 ℃, the embryo development of the fish was divided into 7 key stages: fertilization, cleavage, blastocyst, gastrula, neuroembryo, organogenesis and membrane emergence, and the membrane was brokenafter 2 969.830 ℃?h. The mature eggs were pale yellow with a diameter of 2.75 ± 0.24 mm (n = 20). After 35 min of fertilization, the largest perioocyte gap was 3.46 ± 0.16 mm (n = 20), and the volume of yolk accounted for about 3/5. The relationship between the length of larval fish (LT) and the days post hatching (D) was as follows: LT = 0.50D + 9.15 (R2 = 0.90); The relationship between the length of yolk-sac (LY) and the days of membrane emergence (D) was: LY =﹣0.11D2 + 7.61 (R2 = 0.76); The relationship between larval length (LT) and yolk-sac volume (LP) was as follows: LT =﹣2.35LP + 19.96 (R2 = 0.88); The relationship between yolk-sac total length (LY) and yolk-sac volume (LP) was as follows: LY = 0.49LP + 5.34 (R2 = 0.68); The relationship between yolk-sac volume (LP) and membrane extraction days (D) was as follows: LP = 0.002D2﹣0.24D + 4.67 (R2 = 0.98). The total length and volume of yolk sac decreased with the growth of body length. The yolk sac was consumed 15 days after membrane emergence. The whole length of larva increased with the days after membrane emergence. The whole length of larva increased significantly in yolk sac absorption stage. [Conclusion] By studying the artificial reproduction of D. maculates, we explored its characteristics of embryo and post-embryonic development, to enrich the data of its early life history, and provide theoretical data for the breeding of unique fish seedlings, which further lays a foundation for the protection and development of germplasm resources.