Abstract:This survey was conducted in Taishun County, Wencheng County, and Cangnan County of Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province in 2024, aiming to assess amphibian species diversity in the region.During this survey, five amphibian specimens were collected from Taishun County, one from Wencheng County, and one from Cangnan County. Morphological characteristics of the specimens were measured via a vernier caliper, including snout-vent length, head length, head width, snout length, internasal space, interorbital space, width of upper eyelid, diameter of eye, diameter of tympanum, length of lower arm and hand, diameter of lower arm, hindlimb length or leg length, tibia length, tibia width, length of foot and tarsus, and foot length. Mitochondrial COI genes of the specimens were sequenced, and all the new sequences in this study have been uploaded to the GenBank database. To conduct phylogenetic and distance-based analyses, we retrieved COI sequences from GenBank for three species of Pelophylax, four of Rana, ten of Boulenophrys, and two of Bufo gargarizans (Appendix 1). A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the COI alignment, and a p-distance analysis was performed. Morphological characteristic comparisons revealed that these specimens shared similarities with Pelophylax fukienensis, Rana longicrus, and Boulenophrys baishanzuensis, respectively(Appendix 2, Fig. 1). The constructed neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree (Fig. 2) showed that the seven specimens were clustered with the aforementioned three frog species. The p-distance analysis revealed genetic divergences of 0.024 between the Pelophylax specimen and P. fukienensis, 0.008 ~ 0.010 between the Rana specimen and R. longicrus, and 0.016 ~ 0.018 between the Boulenophrys specimen and B. baishanzuensis. Therefore, considering both morphological and phylogenetic evidence, the collected specimens were identified as P. fukienensis, R. longicrus, and B. baishanzuensis. Notably, P. fukienensis represents a new provincial amphibian record for Zhejiang, while R. longicrus and B. baishanzuensis are new amphibian records for Wenzhou City. This discovery enhances our understanding of the geographical distribution of these three frog species and enriches the amphibian biodiversity in Zhejiang Province and Wenzhou City.