红耳龟关键温度可塑性:季节性变化与类固醇激素的双重影响
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1.东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院 哈尔滨 150040;2.黑龙江省生物复杂性状与蛋白质机器重点实验室 哈尔滨 150040

作者简介:

胡胜楠,女,硕士研究生;研究方向:两爬动物的温度感知机制;E-mail:1375097388@qq.com。

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(No. 32371570,32101252),黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目(No. YQ2023C022),中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(No. 2022QNRC001);


Plasticity of pivotal temperatures in Red-eared Sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans): Dual effects of seasonal shift and steroid hormones
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Affiliation:

1.College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040; 2.Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Complex Traits and Protein Machines in Organisms, Harbin 150040, China

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    摘要:

    气候变暖日益威胁依赖温度决定性别的爬行动物。其性别比1︰1对应的孵化温度(即关键温度)不仅存在季节性变异,也受类固醇激素调控。本研究以红耳龟(Trachemys scripta elegans)为模型,探究了母体产卵季节差异及外源性类固醇激素处理对胚胎关键温度可塑性的调控机制。实验在产雄温度(26.0 ℃)、中间温度(28.5 ℃和29.0 ℃)及产雌温度(31.0 ℃)下孵化龟卵,并施加特定外源性类固醇激素处理(醛固酮、皮质醇、雌二醇、孕酮、双氢睾酮和睾酮)。结果显示:(1)繁殖季晚期胚胎热敏感性显著增强,其关键温度较繁殖季早期胚胎降低0.62 ℃,且性别决定过渡温度范围收窄44%;(2)外源雌二醇与孕酮表现出强烈的雌化效应,即使在雄性化温度(26.0 ℃)下仍可诱导93.3% ~ 96.7%的雌性后代;(3)外源皮质醇与醛固酮可精细调节关键温度阈值(最大升高0.30 ℃)和性别决定过渡温度范围宽度(0.06 ~ 0.90 ℃);(4)尤为关键的是,外源睾酮在中间温度(28.5 ℃和29.0 ℃)下均表现出显著的雌化效应。综上,本研究揭示母体季节性产卵时间与胚胎对外源性激素信号的响应协同作用,通过动态校准热敏感性阈值(关键温度和性别决定过渡温度范围),显著改变了胚胎的性别决定响应模式。

    Abstract:

    [Objectives] Temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in reptiles is increasingly threatened by climate warming. The pivotal temperature (Tpiv) for the 1:1 sex ratio of reptiles shows seasonal variations and is regulated by steroid hormones. [Methods] Using Trachemys scripta elegans as a model, this study explored how maternal laying-season differences and exogenous steroid hormone treatment affected the plasticity of embryos’ critical temperature. Turtle eggs were incubated at male-producing (26.0 ℃), intermediate (28.5 ℃ and 29.0 ℃), and female-producing (31.0 ℃) temperatures, with specific exogenous steroid-hormone treatments (aldosterone, cortisol, estradiol, progesterone, dihydrotestosterone, and testosterone). Inter-group differences in female sex ratio were assessed by Chi-square tests. On the basis of temperature-dependent sex ratio data, binary logistic regression models were adopted to fit the temperature-sex response curves, from which the Tpiv and the transitional range of temperatures (TRT, producing 25% ~ 75% females) were estimated. [Results] (1) Late-season embryos had higher heat sensitivity, with Tpiv 0.62 ℃ lower and TRT 44% narrower than early-season embryos (Fig. 2). (2) Exogenous estradiol and progesterone had strong feminizing effects (Table 2), inducing 93.3% ~ 96.7% female offspring even at the male-producing temperature (26.0 ℃). (3) Exogenous cortisol and aldosterone finely regulated Tpiv thresholds (max ΔTpiv = +0.30 ℃) and TRT widths (0.06 ~ 0.90 ℃) (Fig. 3). (4) Crucially, exogenous testosterone showed significant feminizing effects at intermediate temperatures (28.5 ℃ and 29.0 ℃, Table 2). [Conclusion] This study shows that maternal seasonal laying time and embryo responses to exogenous hormone signals work together, dynamically adjusting heat-sensitivity thresholds (Tpiv and TRT) to significantly change embryo sex-determination patterns.

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胡胜楠,张嘉俊,叶银子. 2026.红耳龟关键温度可塑性:季节性变化与类固醇激素的双重影响. 动物学杂志, 61(3): 376-384.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-06-17
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