Abstract:To investigate the distribution of Chiroptera in the Xizang Autonomous Region of China, a series of field surveys were conducted in 2024. A Coelops bat (GZHU24066) was captured in May from Yadong County (27°20′49.55″ N, 88°59′17.05″ E, 2 413 m elevation) and a Megaerops bat (GZHU24298) was captured in July from Motuo County (29°12′36.86″ N, 95°6′29.16″ E, 739 m elevation). Morphological and cranial measurements were performed, including body weight, head and body length, forearm length, tibia length, ear length, hind-foot length, greatest skull length, condylo-basal length, condylo-canine length, palatal length, rostral height at C1, braincase breadth, braincase height, mastoid width, interorbital width, zygomatic width, anterior canine width, third molar width, maxillary toothrow, mandibular toothrow, mandibular length, and mandibular height. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Maibo DNA Extraction kit, and the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene segment was amplified for sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. GZHU24066, identified as Coelops frithii, is small and tailless, with a complex nose-leaf structure and a forearm length of 41.84 mm (Table 1). It features large, rounded, translucent ears, dorsal fur with blackish-brown tips, and lighter ventral fur. The skull is small, with a low-positioned foramen magnum nearly parallel to the facial plane, aligning with C. frithii characteristics (Fig. 1). GZHU24298, identified as Megaerops niphanae, is larger, tailless, and lacks a nose-leaf, with a forearm length of 53.96 mm (Table 1). It has prominent eyes, ears with matching edge coloration, slightly tubular nostrils, grayish-brown dorsal fur, and lighter brown ventral fur. The skull is larger, with wide eye sockets, an upturned nasal bone, and a slender zygomatic arch, consistent with M. niphanae (Fig. 1). Phylogenetic analysis ofCyt b sequences corroborated these identifications (Fig. 2). These findings confirm the presence of Coelops frithii and Megaerops niphanae in Xizang, China, extending their known distributional ranges and enhancing knowledge of regional biodiversity.