喜山鼠耳蝠在广东省分布确认及其与宽吻蝠属的分类学探讨
作者:
作者单位:

1.武汉大学生命科学学院 武汉 430072;2.广东省科学院动物研究所,广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室 广州 510260

作者简介:

秦嘉豪,男,硕士研究生;研究方向:动物遗传与进化;E-mail:2336765189@qq.com。

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基金项目:

科技部基础专项(No. 2021FY100303,2022FY100502),广东省动物志编制项目(No. 202115),广州国家实验室专项项目(No. GZNL2023A01001);


Distribution Confirmation of Myotis muricola in Guangdong Province and Its Taxonomic Discussion With Submyotodon Bats
Author:
Affiliation:

1.College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072; 2.Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China

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    摘要:

    于2018年7月在广州市从化区英豪学校和2019年5月在广东石门台国家级自然保护区横石塘保护站林道附近各捕获1只蝙蝠,均为雌性,标本号分别为20180444和20190291。从形态上来看,体型均较小,前臂长分别为35.60 mm和34.55 mm;毛被柔软而厚,背侧毛根为黑色,毛尖为深棕色至棕褐色;腹侧颜色略淡,根部为黑色,尖端为浅黄色;耳小而窄,耳屏长、窄、直;翼膜为黑褐色,无绒毛覆盖,附于第一趾基;后足较短,不足胫长的一半。结合头骨特征,本次广东捕获的标本与原为喜山鼠耳蝠(Myotis muricola)现归为宽吻蝠属(Submyotodon)的3个物种,即宽吻鼠耳蝠(S. latirostris)、川西宽吻鼠耳蝠(S. moupinensis)和喜马拉雅宽吻鼠耳蝠(S. caliginosus)均不同。基于COI和Cyt b基因序列,同时结合本研究组于2016年在广西和云南捕获的2只被鉴定为喜山鼠耳蝠标本,进行系统发育分析发现,上述样本与宽吻蝠属物种遗传距离较远,广东标本与广西、云南以及NCBI数据库中的喜山鼠耳蝠聚为支持率均为100的一支,证实本研究于广东采集的2只蝙蝠均为喜山鼠耳蝠。标本现保存于广东省科学院动物研究所。本文还对喜山鼠耳蝠和宽吻蝠属物种的分类差异和地理分布差异进行了初步探讨。

    Abstract:

    Two bats were captured (specimen numbers 20180444 and 20190291 respectively) in Guangzhou City and Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province in July 2018 and May 2019, respectively. The morphological and skull characteristics of these two bats were measured by using electronic digital calipers and compared with morphological data of Myotis species from other studies. The Cyt b and COI gene sequences of these two bats were sequenced. Then, the Cyt b and COI gene sequences of some Myotis species were downloaded from the NCBI database, and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed using multiple programs in PhyloSuite. Genetic distances based on the Cyt b gene of 25 bats and COI gene of 15 bats were calculated using the Kimura 2-parameter model. Subsequently, phylogenetic trees of multiple species (Myotis and Submyotodon bats) based on Cyt b and COI sequences were then constructed. The main morphological characteristics of the two bats are small body size, with forearm lengths of 35.60 mm and 34.55 mm, respectively. Pelage is soft and thick. Dorsal hairs black basally with buff brown tips. The abdominal hair is slightly lighter than the back hairs. The base hair color is black, and the hair tip is buff (Fig. 1a). The ear is small and narrow, and the tragus is long and straight (Fig. 1b). The wing membrane is black-brown, without any fuzzy covering. The hind-foot length is short, less than half of the tibia length (Table 2). Combined with the skull measurements, they are different from the bats currently named as S. latirostris, S. moupinensis, and S. caliginosus, all of which were previously considered subspecies of M. muricola. For molecular evidence, the Cyt b and COI gene sequences of two bats were amplified by PCR. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis, the two captured bats are well clustered with M. muricola from the database. The genetic distances of Cyt b and COI gene are between 1.1%﹣2.1% and 0.9%﹣2.9%, respectively (Appendices 1 and 2). It is found that two bats have a relatively large genetic distance from Submyoodon (Figs. 2 and 3). Based on the phylogenetic analysis of multiple bat species (Fig. 4), the issues between M. muricola and Submyotodon of the classification differences in morphology and phylogenomics, as well as the geographical distribution differences among related species were raised (Fig. 5). In summary, two newly collected bats were identified as M. muricola. We have expanded our understanding of the geographical distribution of this species. The specimens are kept in the Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences at present.

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秦嘉豪,何向阳,黄泽双,朱俊宇,颜奥然,邱源,赵华斌,张礼标.2025.喜山鼠耳蝠在广东省分布确认及其与宽吻蝠属的分类学探讨.动物学杂志,60(3):436-450.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-23
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