基于卫星跟踪钳嘴鹳空间运动规律初报
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1.西南林业大学昆明林学院 昆明 650224;2.西南林业大学生态与环境学院,国家高原湿地研究中心 昆明 650224;3.云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室 昆明 650224

作者简介:

徐焕,女,硕士研究生;研究方向:鸟类生态学;E-mail:xifince@163.com。

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(No. 32060120);


Preliminary Report on the Spatial Movement Patterns of the Asian Openbill Based on Satellite Tracking
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Affiliation:

1.Forestry College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224; 2.School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, National Plateau Wetland Research Center, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224; 3.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation, Restoration and Ecological Services, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

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    摘要:

    钳嘴鹳(Anastomus oscitans)自2006年在我国首次被记录以来,已迅速扩散至云南、贵州、四川、甘肃等十余个省区,在某些地区已经成为区域常见种,对于其种群来源目前仍缺乏基础资料。2015年11月至2018年7月,在云南蒙自长桥海湿地(10只)以及贵州威宁草海湿地(1只)共为11只钳嘴鹳佩戴了卫星跟踪器,其中4只钳嘴鹳意外死亡,4只在跟踪期间长期停留于捕捉地,仅有3只表现出较远距离的运动,其中1只(编号:2647)顺利返回至传统分布地。采用动态布朗桥模型计算2647号个体到达传统分布地后的活动区,并对其空间运动规律以及栖息地利用进行了分析。2647号钳嘴鹳于2018年8月29日离开我国云南蒙自向西南方向迁移,途经越南和老挝,于9月16日到达泰国中部的程逸地区,飞行实际距离775.06 km,历时18 d。在程逸停留95 d后,于2018年12月19日离开,沿老挝和泰国的界河——湄公河向东进行游荡式活动,2019年3月6日在越南的义安省消失,该段飞行实际距离620.16 km,历时79 d。2647号钳嘴鹳迁移期间均在日间飞行,夜间在森林中休息。在泰国程逸地区活动期间,活动区面积为304.32 km2,其中核心活动区为0.97 km2,占总活动区面积的3.2%;栖息地利用主要类型是耕地(79.72%),其次为森林(16.83%)。本研究初步揭示了我国分布的钳嘴鹳和泰国、老挝以及越南间的空间联系,为进一步探究钳嘴鹳的分布和扩散规律提供了基础资料。

    Abstract:

    [Objectives] Asian OpenbillAnastomus oscitans is a newly recorded species in China, with the first sighting occurring in 2006. Since then, it has rapidly expanded its distribution to encompass over ten provinces and regions, including Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Gansu, etc., and has already become a regionally common species in some areas. Nevertheless, fundamental data regarding the population sources and movement patterns were still limited. [Methods] From November 2015 to July 2018, 11 storks were captured using the leg-harness method and equipped with satellite trackers in the Changqiao Hai Wetland of Mengzi, Yunnan Province, and the Caohai Wetland of Weining, Guizhou Province. The home ranges of onestorkwere calculated using the dynamic Brownian bridge model and its spatial movement patterns and habitat utilization were analyzed. [Results] Eight of the tracked storks died accidentally or did not leave the capture site, and only 3 exhibited longer-distance movements, of which one individual (ID no. 2647) successfully returned to its traditional breeding ground (Fig. 1). The stork (ID no. 2647) departed from Mengzi, Yunnan, China on August 29, 2018, migrating southwestward through Vietnam and Laos, and arrived in Chiang Rai, central Thailand on September 16, 2018, covering a distance of 775.06 km over 18 d. After a 95-day stay in Chiang Rai, it left on December 19, 2018, and moved eastward along the Mekong River bordering Laos and Thailand. It lost contact in Nghe An province, Vietnam, on March 6, 2019, after traveling 620.16 km over 79 d (Fig. 1). During its migration, the storkhad a total of 6 night roosting sites and 2 important stopover sites. Except for the last roosting site in farmland, all night roosting sites were in forests. It flew during the day and rested in forests at night. (Table 1). While in Chiang Rai, its total home range was 304.32 km2, with a core area of 0.97 km2, accounting for 3.2% of the total area (Fig. 2). The main habitat types used by the storks were cropland (79.72%) and forest (16.83%). [Conclusion] This study reveals the spatial connections between Asian Openbill populations in China and those in Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam, providing foundational data for further exploration of the distribution and dispersal patterns of this species.

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徐焕,杨旭,雷宇,刘慧,刘强.2025.基于卫星跟踪钳嘴鹳空间运动规律初报.动物学杂志,60(2):182-189.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-11
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-04-25
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