1.中国大熊猫保护研究中心，大熊猫国家林业和草原局重点实验室，邛崃山、岷山濒危野生动植物保护生物学国家长期科研基地 成都 610057;2.成都动物园(成都市野生动物研究所) 成都 610081
大熊猫国际资金项目(No. WL05)，中国大熊猫保护研究中心2018年科研年项目(No. CCRCGP181929)；
- QU Yuan- Yuan 1
QU Yuan- Yuan
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - YANG Bo 1
YANG Bo
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - HUAN Zong-Jin 2
- LAI Yan-Wu 1
LAI Yan-Wu
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - HUANG He-Yuan 1
HUANG He-Yuan
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - ZOU Wen-Yong 1
ZOU Wen-Yong
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - CHEN Rui 1
CHEN Rui
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - TONG Jian-Hua 1
TONG Jian-Hua
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - LI Ti 1
LI Ti
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - LING Shan-Shan 1
LING Shan-Shan
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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在本站中查找 - ZHAO Bo 2
- HUANG Yan 1
HUANG Yan
China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057
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1.China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on the Giant Panda, Qionglai and Minshan Mountains Conservation Biology of Endangered Wild Animals and Plants National Permanent Scientific Research Base, Chengdu 610057; 2.Chengdu Zoo (Institute of Chengdu Wildlife), Chengdu 610081, China
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月经周期监测可以有效用于非人灵长类动物迁地保护中的繁育管理。本研究采取非损伤取样法收集了成都动物园1对黄颊长臂猿(Nomascus gabriella)1年的粪便样品，并利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定了粪便中雌激素(E1G)、孕酮(P4)和睾酮(TEST)含量。经统计分析，发现雌性11个完整月经周期中雌激素和孕酮都表现出明显的周期性变化，月经周期平均长度为(23.3 ± 3.1)d(21 ~ 31 d)，与据雌激素双峰间隔时间推算的月经周期(21.3 ± 3.8)d间无显著差异性(Z =﹣1.562，P = 0.133)，也与据孕酮变化规律推算的(20.9 ± 2.2)d间无显著差异性(Z =﹣1.693，P = 0.101)；此外，还发现雌性的卵泡期长度为(7.9 ± 2.4)d，黄体期为(13.4 ± 2.8)d。根据卵泡期雌激素变化规律，可以对雌性发情高潮期进行预判，并指导对黄颊长臂猿进行配种；也可以基于黄体期孕酮水平对雌性是否怀孕进行初步诊断。雄性粪便中睾酮未呈现出明显周期性变化，雄性睾酮与雌性雌激素间也不存在相关性(r = 0.139，P = 0.097)。结果表明，黄颊长臂猿具有与其他灵长类动物相似的月经周期；该雌性个体的月经周期比较明显，且具规律性；月经周期性的性激素指标可以对黄颊长臂猿乃至其他灵长类动物的不孕不育进行辅助诊断。
[Objectives] Menstrual cycle monitoring is an effective method for the breeding management in ex-situ conservation of non-human primates. Based on analyses of fecal sex steroid hormone of a female Yellow-cheeked Gibbon Nomascus gabriellae, the duration and regularity of its menstrual cycles were determined, and attempts to assess whether females have reproductive disorders from a reproductive endocrine perspective were made. Androgens were used as indicators to explore whether males have reproductive physiological disorders. The study helps to provide data support for the natural breeding of captive Yellow-cheeked Gibbons and the application of artificial assisted reproduction technology in the future. [Methods] From April 2016 to April 2017, fecal samples from a pair of Yellow-cheeked Gibbon were collected every 1﹣3 d non-invasively. These samples were further analyzed for estrone-3- glucuronide (E1G), progesterone (P4) and testosterone (TEST) levels by ELISA. The coefficient of variation CV for hormone determinations was < 5% within batches and < 10% between batches. The data were sorted by Excel and analyzed by SPSS 22.0 with normal distribution and homogeneity of variance test. One-way ANOVA was used for significance analysis for sampling that conformed to normal distribution, nonparametric tests Mann-Whitney U test was used for those that did not conform to normal distribution. The correlation between female estrogen and male testosterone was analyzed using the Pearson’s method of analysis (two-tailed test). The significance level was set at 0.05. [Results] Estrogens and progesterones were synchronized during menstrual cycles (Fig. 1). More precisely, at the start of oestrum, estrogen level began to increase from a baseline, after reaching the first peak, dropped dramatically, and followed by ovulation, which signifying the end of the follicular phase. Progesterones remained at a base level during the follicular phase. After ovulation, both progesterones and estrogens shared an ascending pattern, and then decreased to base levels after reaching the peak values simultaneously. A total of 11 complete menstrual cycles of the female “Vivi” were found during the study period (Fig. 2), and the average length of menstrual cycles was 23.3 ± 3.1 d (21﹣31 d) (Table 1), which was not significantly different from that of the menstrual cycles based on the estrogen (E1G) bimodal interval (21.3 ± 3.8) d (Z =﹣1.562, P = 0.133), nor from that of the progesterone (P4) pattern 20.9 ± 2.2 d (Z =﹣1.693, P = 0.101). The length of the follicular phase in females was 7.9 ± 2.4 d, and the luteal phase was 13.4 ± 2.8 d. TEST levels in male feces did not show significant cyclic variation (Fig. 3). The correlation between male (TEST) and female (E1G) during the first 10 menstrual cycles was analyzed, and there was no correlation between these two parameters (r = 0.139, P = 0.097). [Conclusion] The results showed that the Yellow-cheeked Gibbon had a similar menstrual cycle to other primates, and the menstrual cycle of this female individual was relatively obvious and regular. Based on the changing pattern of estrogen during the follicular phase, it is possible to prejudge the climax of estrus in females and guide the mating of Yellow-cheeked Gibbons. It is also possible to make a preliminary diagnosis of whether a female is pregnant or not based on the level of progesterone during the luteal phase. The sex hormone index of menstrual regularity can be an aid in the diagnosis of infertility in the Yellow-cheeked Gibbon and even in other primates.
引用本文
屈元元,杨波,桓宗锦,赖燕舞,黄河源,邹文勇,陈锐,童建华,李倜,凌珊珊,赵波,黄炎.2024.笼养黄颊长臂猿月经周期中性激素分泌特征.动物学杂志,59(4):536-544.
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- 收稿日期:2023-10-09
- 在线发布日期: 2024-08-23
