[Objectives] Cabot’s Tragopan (Tragopan caboti) is an endemic pheasant in China, and a class Ⅰ nationally key protected species. The high rate of nest egg loss has been restricting the population of wild T. caboti, and the main cause of nest egg loss is the damage related to natural enemies. [Methods] From 2010 to 2021, video monitoring technology, infrared camera monitoring and manual observation were used to investigate the natural enemies of nest eggs of 42 artificial nests used by wild T. caboti (36 nests were monitored by video, 2 nests were monitored by infrared camera, and 4 nests were observed manually) in Wuyanling National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province. [Results] Based on the monitoring data, we found that the clutch size of wild T. caboti was 2﹣5, the breeding success rate was 40.5% (17 out of 42 nests had at least one egg hatched), 54.8% of the nests (23 out of 42 nests) were destroyed by natural enemies, and 91.3% of the destroyed nests (21 out of 23 nests) were predated by King Ratsnake (Elaphe carinata), which is the main natural enemy of T. caboti (Fig. 1). Predators of nest eggs also include Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) and Yellow-throated Marten (Martes flavigula). Possible natural enemies include Grey Treepie (Dendrocitta formosae), Yellow-bellied Weasel (Mustela kathiah) and Stump-tailed Macaque (Macaca arctoides), etc. [Conclusion] This study, for the first time, used video monitoring technology to assess the natural enemies of endangered pheasant nests and clarified the behavioral patterns of natural enemies’ predation. Meanwhile, through literature review, we speculated that the longer incubation period and departure time might be the reason for the high rate of egg loss in T. caboti nests. This work is of great significance to the conservation and breeding of T. caboti.