Frogs can distinguish various colors even at the scotopic light level, however, the dynamic neural mechanism of cerebral neural activity in color perception is not yet clear. To explore this, electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded when different colors (blue, green and yellow) were presented to the Emei Music Frog (Nidirana daunchina), and the power spectrum of each EEG rhythm for each color was calculated. Firstly, EEG signals of the telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon were collected when the colors were presented. Then, four rhythms including delta (0.5﹣5.5 Hz), theta (5.5﹣8.5 Hz), alpha (8.5﹣17 Hz) and beta (17﹣45 Hz) were extracted. Finally, the power spectrum of each frequency rhythm was analyzed using Welch’s method with a Hamming window and 0.5 Hz resolution. The statistical analysis was conducted using the three-factor (color, brain region and gender) repeated measures of ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD). Results showed that (1) for delta rhythm, the power spectra induced by blue, green and yellow were 9.952 ± 0.421, 9.930 ± 0.370, 9.460 ± 0.393, respectively; while for theta rhythm, the power spectra induced by blue, green and yellow were 1.881 ± 0.316, 1.770 ± 0.299, 1.711 ± 0.319, respectively (Fig. 2); (2) the sequence of power spectra for delta or theta rhythm was blue > green > yellow (P < 0.05, the difference between blue and green in delta, and that the difference between green and yellow in theta did not reach statistical significance, Fig. 2 and Table 1); (3) the power spectra of theta, alpha and beta evoked in the left diencephalon were 1.945 ± 0.341, 3.020 ± 0.280, ﹣5.832 ± 0.248, respectively and were significantly higher than those in the right counterpart respectively (P < 0.05, Fig. 2 and Table 1). In conclusion, these results show that blue color induces higher arousal level, and that color perception exhibits left-hemisphere lateralization.