To get better insight of the very unique physiological and biochemical features of Tetraogallus himalayensis, twenty-one blood parameters were tested and then compared with those of Hyline Variety Brown Chicken(Gallus gallus domesticus var. Hyline). Results showed that the size of red blood cell in T.himalayensis was different from that of Hyline Variety Brown Chicken, with the longitudinal diameter and the value of the longitudinal diameter × transverse diameter larger than those of the latter (P<0.01). The MCV and MCH in T.himalayensis were extremely bigger (P<0.001), while the AST and the serum CHO in T.himalayensis were significantly higher than that in Hyline Variety Brown Chicken (P<0.01). The rest physiological and biochemical parameters measured were not different between these two birds. It is suggested that there are some differences between the two birds in terms of blood physiology and biochemistry. The adaptability of T.himalayensis to plateau hypoxemia may be partly related to the bigger size of red blood cells, as well as higher MCV and MCH.