Anatomy and histology of the brain were observed in Ichthyophis bannanicus. The brain of I. bannanicus can be divided into four distinct parts:telencephalon,diencephalon,mesencephalon and myelencephalon,which is similar to the other species of Ichthyophidae. The telencephalon consists of the olfactory bulb,accessory olfactory bulb and cerebrum. The developed olfactory bulb has two pairs of olfactory nerve. The cerebrum is long ellipse in shape and is the main part of the brain. The infundibulum connects with the flat and spoon-shaped hypophysis in the ventral diencephalon. The mesencephalon is ellipse-shaped. The cerebellum is absent. The myelencephalon has a greater bending. Meanwhile,the structure and feature mentioned above are compared with those of other amphibians. The results are discussed on the basis of the original phylogenetic position of the brain in I.bannanicus.