In order to know the structural characteristics of the main organs and tissues of the world’s endangered species, S. tatarica, a national first-level protected wild animal, in this study, the paraffin tissue sectioning and light microscopy were used to examine the structures of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney structures of a female adult individual died of a fetal coat. The myocardial muscle fibers of S. tatarica are cylindrical and branched, and their nuclei are located at the edge of the cells. The ends of each branch of myocardial fiber are related to each other to form a muscle fiber network, and the intercalated disk is obvious (Fig. 1). Liver tissue structure is compact with a little interstitial tissue, while the boundary between hepatic lobules is not clear. The section of hepatic lobules is irregular polygon, and the hepatocytes are radially arranged around the central vein (Fig. 2). The capsule of spleen is thicker, the splenic trabeculae are formed by the joint of the capsule and the connective tissue of splenic portal, which are connected to each other and stretch into the splenic parenchyma to form a coarse scaffold of the spleen. The parenchymal part can be clearly divided into white and red pulps. The white pulp is mainly distributed around the arterioles in the spleen, and its internal splenic nodules are round or oval in shape. The red pulp is mainly distributed around the white pulp area, which is filled with a large number of red blood cells (Fig. 3). The bronchioles and terminal bronchioles are mainly visible in the air conduction part of the lung parenchyma, the luminal surface of bronchioles is rich in longitudinal folds, and the mucosal epithelium is pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium. A large number of alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli can be observed in the respiratory tract, and the alveolar structure is clearly discernible (Fig. 4). The kidney of S. tatarica belongs to monopapilla-shaped kidney, consisting of capsule and parenchyma. The parenchyma is clearly divided into cortex and medulla, a large number of renal corpuscles and a small amount of connective tissue can be observed in the cortex (Fig. 5). Compared with other ruminants, there is no significant difference in the structure of the main organs of S. tatarica.