Social play is one of the common behaviors in primates. Social play, therefore, is an important part in life of Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta). The main objective of this study is to describe basic characteristics of social play of Rhesus Macaques by infrared cameras in Hongshan forest zoo of Nanjing in the winter of 2017. We recorded the behavioral parameters as following: beginning and ending time of each social play, play duration, age of playmates, number of playmates and the type of each play behavior. We took totally 7 496 social plays from the infrared camera recorder in continuous 10-day′s record, including 4 018 bouts of touching and catching, 1 012 bouts of chasing, 671 bouts of biting and wrestling, 53 bouts of other play behaviors, and 1 742 bouts of more than one play types. We analyzed the rhythm of the social play with ANOVA and found out the social play was with a significant rhythm with two play peaks at 08:30﹣09:30 and 10:30﹣11:30 (Fig. 1). We analyzed the influence of the number of playmates and the type of play behavior on the duration of the social play via Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U for pairwise comparisons. The results showed that the number of playmates and the type of play behavior had significant effects on the duration of the social play. In the process of a play, the more involved playmates, the longer duration of the social play. The social playing round with more than one types had the longest duration, followed by biting and wrestling, touching and catching, and chasing. Juvenile individuals of 0 to 3-year-old engaged more in touching and catching play behavior, while the subadult or adult individuals engaged more in chasing play behavior (Fig. 2). This study quantified the types and impact factors of social play of Rhesus Macaques, and provided quantified evidence for the management and welfare of the Rhesus Macaques in the Zoo.