Based on the related literatures studying, this paper summarized the research progress on morphological and biological characteristics of the bdelloid rotifers with emphasis on their parthenogenesis and anhydrobiosis features as well as their mechanisms in bdelloid rotifers. The results of current researches on the bdelloid rotifers put forward new challenges to the traditional theories about classical genetics, biochemistry and physiology. These progresses also has certain reference on the safeties of “transgenic” organisms. The research reports on the new species bdelloid rotifer species and their fauna not only had rich global invertebrate biodiversity, but also provided important reference value on the improvement of the geographical distribution pattern for this group of animals. Based on the study status and its significance in academic of bdelloid rotifer, we suggest that it should strengthen the bdelloid rotifer research in domestic.