| 章可兰,李歆毓,余冬,万迎朗.2022.海南省首次发现光合软体动物绒毛海天牛.动物学杂志,57(5):775-781. |
| 海南省首次发现光合软体动物绒毛海天牛 |
| New Record of a Photosynthetic Sea Slug Elysia tomentosa in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-13 修订日期：2022-08-28 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202205014 |
| 中文关键词: 海天牛属 系统发育树 分布新记录种 绒毛海天牛 |
| 英文关键词:Photosynthetic sea slug Phylogenetic tree New record Elysia tomentosa |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文首次报道了光合软体动物Elysia tomentosa K. R. Jensen, 1997在我国海南省的分布情况。2021年9月，本课题组在海南省文昌市云龙湾采集到该物种，通过线粒体基因组核糖体16S rRNA以及组蛋白H3基因（H3）位点部分DNA序列比对，确定该物种为Elysia tomentosa。参考该物种学名并根据其外部形态特征，建议该物种中文学名为“绒毛海天牛”。通过聚合酶链式反应（PCR）鉴定其生活环境中的藻类，确定了该物种共生叶绿体的来源为总状蕨藻（Caulerpa racemosa）；利用叶绿素荧光诱导曲线，检测了绒毛海天牛的光合荧光特征。这是本课题组在海南省沿海地区发现分布的又一种光合软体动物，进一步丰富了对海南岛沿岸海天牛分布的认知，也为研究光合作用的进化与内共生机理提供新的研究材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper introduces the distribution of Elysia tomentosa K. R. Jensen, 1997 in Hainan Island for the first time. E. tomentosa belongs to Family Plakobranchidae, Superorder Sacoglossa, Class Gastropoda in the Phylum Mollusca. In September 2021, the sea slug was collected in Yunlong Bay, Wenchang city, Hainan Province. We designed the primers of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence, histone H3 gene (H3) sequence and tufA gene to identify what species it is and the algae in its living environment by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We detected the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of E. tomentosa by chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve. A series of fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, Y(II), Y(NO) and NPQ measured by the chlorophyll fluorescence measuring instrument Dual PAM-100 (Walz, Germany) were calculated by t-test with three samples and three repeat. Through sequence alignment of 16S rRNA and the relationship between photosynthetic characteristics and evolution, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by maximum likelihood (ML) method. The comparison of 16S rRNA sequence and H3 gene sequence identified this species as E. tomentosa by molecular method. The source of the symbiotic chloroplasts of this species was Caulerpa racemosa (Fig. 3). The photosynthetic activity of E. tomentosa could maintain for about one month and the photosynthetic capacity of E. tomentosa continue to decrease (Fig. 2). The evolutionary tree showed that the evolutionary status of E. tomentosa in the some species (Fig. 4). This is another species of photosynthetic mollusk discovered by our research group in Hainan Province, which further enrich our understanding of its distribution in China and also provides new materials for studying the evolution of photosynthesis and endosymbiosis mechanism. |
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