| 马琴,张同林,欧阳珊,吴小平.2022.赣江和抚河南方鳅鮀的遗传多样性及遗传结构.动物学杂志,57(4):585-594. |
| 赣江和抚河南方鳅鮀的遗传多样性及遗传结构 |
| Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Gobiobotia meridionalis in the Ganjiang River and Fuhe River |
| 投稿时间：2021-12-13 修订日期：2022-05-06 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202204012 |
| 中文关键词: 赣江 抚河 南方鳅鮀 遗传多样性 遗传分化 |
| 英文关键词:Ganjiang River Fuhe River Gobiobotia meridionalis Genetic diversity Genetic differentiation |
| 基金项目:江西省教育厅科技项目（No. GJJ191133） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 南方鳅鮀（Gobiobotia meridionalis）是我国特有的一种小型底栖鱼类。本研究利用线粒体Cyt b基因对赣江巴邱镇江段55尾、万安县江段7尾和抚河抚州市江段48尾共计110尾南方鳅鮀样本的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行分析。结果表明，2个水系110尾南方鳅鮀的Cyt b基因序列共检测出45个单倍型，单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分别为0.967 ± 0.006和0.007 1 ± 0.000 2，其中，抚州种群分别为0.911 ± 0.022和0.004 3 ± 0.000 2，巴邱种群分别为0.950 ± 0.015和0.003 7 ± 0.000 2，万安种群分别为0.810 ± 0.130和0.002 6 ± 0.000 5。群体遗传分化指数（Fst）表明，抚州种群与巴邱种群之间存在高度分化。分子方差分析（AMOVA）结果表明，赣江和抚河南方鳅鮀种群的遗传变异主要来自于种群内部（68.42%）。南方鳅鮀群体整体遗传多样性较高，且赣江巴邱种群和抚河抚州种群之间存在高度分化，建议以局部种群为管理单元，加强赣江和抚河流域南方鳅鮀的遗传多样性及资源保护。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] Gobiobotia meridionalis is a small-sized bottom-dwelling endemic fish in China. There is still relatively few relevant genetic information for G. meridionalis. This study aimed to perform analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure of G. meridionalis from the Ganjiang River and Fuhe River. [Methods] In this study, we sequenced the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene for 110 individuals of G. meridionalis from three geographical populations in the Ganjiang River and the Fuhe River. Population genetic diversity was measured for all samples and sampling groups in the DnaSP 5.0 software. Phylogenetic analysis of all haplotypes was conducted using the neighbor-joining (NJ) and the maximum likelihood (ML) based on the Kimura 2-parameter distance method in MAGA 7.0. A haplotype network was constructed based on median-joining method in PopART. Pairwise Fst values were calculated and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was conducted by Arlequin v3.1. Statistical tests for neutrality analysis, including Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs, and nucleotide mismatch distribution were conducted by Arlequin v3.1. [Results] A total of 45 haplotypes were identified for 110 individuals of G. meridionalis. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (Pi) were 0.967 ± 0.006 and 0.007 1 ± 0.000 2, respectively. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of G. meridionalis were 0.911 ± 0.022 and 0.004 3 ± 0.000 2 in Fuzhou population, 0.950 ± 0.015 and 0.003 7 ± 0.000 2 in Baqiu population, 0.810 ± 0.130 and 0.002 6 ± 0.000 5 in Wanan population, respectively (Table 1). Phylogenetic and network topology showed that there was no distinct geographical distribution pattern (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). Genetic differentiation index (Fst) indicated high genetic differentiation between Fuzhou and Baqiu populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variations between different geographical populations in the Ganjiang River and the Fuhe River were mainly within group (Table 2). The neutrality test indicated that the population expansion had occurred in Baqiu population about 0.38 million years ago, and Fuzhou population about 0.63 million years ago (Table 3). [Conclusion] The total genetic diversity of G. meridionalis is relatively high, but genetic differentiation exists in the Gangjiang and Fuhe population. Therefore, we suggest that the protection of G. meridionalis should be divided in the local population. |
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