| 庆保平,叶元兴,张亚祖,权海云,段英,赵伟,丁长青.2022.2016至2019年朱鹮野生种群收容救护现状分析.动物学杂志,57(2):196-204. |
| 2016至2019年朱鹮野生种群收容救护现状分析 |
| Analysis on the Wild Population Rescue of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) from 2016 to 2019 |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-27 修订日期：2022-03-07 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202202004 |
| 中文关键词: 朱鹮 伤病 收容救治 救治效果 救助体系 |
| 英文关键词:Crested Ibis, Nipponia nippon Injuries Rescue Medical assistance Rescue system |
| 基金项目:中国环境科学研究院组生物多样性调查与评估项目（No. 2019HB2096001006），国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31772483，31900371） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）野生种群目前仅分布在陕西省洋县及邻近的城固、西乡、南郑、汉台、勉县、宁强、留坝、汉阴等9个县区，数量达到2 500余只，但对其野外伤病和收容救治状况报道较少。陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区在2016至2019年的巡护和监测过程中，共发现并收容救治野生朱鹮伤病个体362只。本文利用双因素方差方法分析了伤病朱鹮的来源、年龄结构、季节性差异、收治时间、伤病情况、救治效果和放归后监测情况。结果发现，野生朱鹮幼鸟收容救助数量显著高于成鸟，夏季主要救助幼鸟，冬季为成鸟；朱鹮救助的主要伤病类型为饥饿、外伤、骨折、疾病、坠巢和残疾。饥饿、坠巢和外伤个体救治后痊愈放归比例较高，而疾病和骨折的死亡率较高。本文探讨了野生朱鹮收容救助数量逐年增多、救助个体主要为幼鸟、存在季节性差异等特点。建议急需增强救助中心收容救助能力，建立朱鹮收容救治网络，完善野外救助工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] The wild population of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) is currently only distributed in Yangxian County and its nearby counties such as Chenggu, Xixiang, Nanzheng, Hantai, Mianxian, Ningqiang, Liuba and Hanyin in Shaanxi Province, with its population size gradually recovering to more than 2500 individuals. A total of 362 injured wild Crested Ibises were found and rescued in Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve during the patrol and monitoring from 2016 to 2019. In recent 20 years, the wild population of Crested Ibis is increasing and dispersing steadily, however, the injury and rescue of wild population have not been reported. [Methods] In our study, we summarized the case sources, age structure, seasonal difference, rescued dates, injury situation and treatment effects of the rescued Crested Ibises by two-way ANOVA test. [Results] We found that the number of young birds in rescued Crested Ibis was significantly higher than that of adults, and the young birds were mainly rescued in summer and adults in winter. Starvation, trauma, fracture, disease, falling from nests and disability were the most common reasons for rescued Crested Ibis. Rescued birds with starvation, trauma and falling from nests had significant higher recovery rate, however, disease and fracture caused significant higher mortality. [Conclusion] The rescued Crested Ibis increased annually with seasonal differences. We suggest to improve the rescue capacity of the rescue center, and to establish the Crested Ibis rescue network system for improving the wildlife protection work. |
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