| 柳苗苗,郭亚军,伏晓玉,杨喜喜,王欣荣.2022.藏绵羊和小尾寒羊雄性生殖器官组织结构比较.动物学杂志,57(1):124-131. |
| 藏绵羊和小尾寒羊雄性生殖器官组织结构比较 |
| Structures of Male Reproductive Organs: A Comparison between Tibetan Sheep and Small-tail Han Sheep |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-27 修订日期：2022-01-06 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202201013 |
| 中文关键词: 组织结构 藏绵羊 小尾寒羊 生殖器官 |
| 英文关键词:Organizational structure Tibetan Sheep Small-tail Han Sheep Reproductive organs |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31560634） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过比较绵羊（Ovis aries）的两个品种，生活于高海拔（4 500 m）地区的藏绵羊与相对低海拔（2 080 m）地区小尾寒羊雄性生殖器官的组织结构特征，以探讨哺乳动物生殖器官适应高原环境的组织结构基础。采集成年藏绵羊与小尾寒羊的睾丸、附睾、输精管，运用大体解剖、石蜡切片及常规H.E染色方法，比较二者生殖器官的组织结构差异。结果显示，藏绵羊附睾头和附睾体管腔内的纤毛较长，而附睾尾管腔内的纤毛较短，呈清晰的刷状缘结构，输精管平滑肌细胞较多，固有膜和黏膜层粘连紧密，且形成较明显的不规则皱襞。与小尾寒羊相比，藏绵羊曲细精管的横切面直径、面积和生精上皮的厚度均显著降低（P < 0.05）；精原细胞和初级精母细胞的直径及面积显著降低（P < 0.05），且支持细胞数也显著减少（P < 0.05）；附睾头、附睾体、附睾尾的管腔内径和外径及纤毛长度均显著减小（P < 0.05）；附睾体的柱状上皮厚度显著增高（P < 0.05），而输精管管腔直径、平滑肌厚度均显著降低（P < 0.05）。研究认为，藏绵羊在高海拔低氧环境的长期适应过程中，其生殖器官的组织结构发生了一定的适应性改变，可能与其在高原环境下正常繁殖性能的维持有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] In order to explore the organizational structure characteristics of reproductive organs in mammals adapting to the plateau environment, we compared the structures of male reproductive organs between Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) and Small-tail Han Sheep. [Methods] The testis, epididymis, and vas deferens of adult Tibetan Sheep and Small-tail Han Sheep were collected respectively. The differences in structures of reproductive organs were compared by gross anatomy, paraffin section, and conventional H.E staining. All the data were analyzed by T-test. [Results] The results indicated that the cilia in the lumen of caput epididymis and corpus epididymis were longer, on the contrary, the cilia in the lumen of cauda epididymis were shorter and displayed a clear brush border structure in Tibetan sheep (Fig. 2). There were more smooth muscle cells in the vas deferens, the lamina propria, and the mucosal layer closely adhered, and more obvious irregular folds in Tibetan Sheep (Fig. 3). The cross-sectional diameter, area, and epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules in Tibetan Sheep were significantly lower than in Small-tail Han Sheep (P < 0.05) (Table 1); meanwhile the diameter and area of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, and the number of Sertoli cells were also significantly reduced in Tibetan Sheep than in Small-tail Han Sheep (P < 0.05) (Table 1). The inner diameter, outer diameter, and cilia length of the caput epididymis, corpus epididymis, cauda epididymis were significantly reduced in Tibetan Sheep (P < 0.05) (Table 2); the thickness of the columnar epithelium of the epididymis was significantly increased (P < 0.05) (Table 2), whereas the diameter of the vas deferens lumen and the thickness of smooth muscle were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) (Table 3). [Conclusion] The study suggests that the structures of reproductive organs have undergone certain adaptive changes during the long-term adaptation process of Tibetan sheep to high altitude and low oxygen environment, which may be related to the maintenance of normal reproductive performance in the plateau environment. |
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