| 韩沐宜,费继蕊,刘志涛,刘鹏,赵文阁.2023.牛蛙冬眠期及其前后的消化道嗜银细胞分布.动物学杂志,58(6):908-915. |
| 牛蛙冬眠期及其前后的消化道嗜银细胞分布 |
| The Comparative Research of Argyrophilic Cells in the Digestive Tract of Rana catesbeiana During Pre-Hibernation, Hibernation, and Post-Hibernation |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-17 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202322208 |
| 中文关键词: 牛蛙 嗜银细胞 冬眠 形态 分布密度 |
| 英文关键词:Rana catesbeiana Argyrophilic cells Hibernation Morphology Distribution density |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省科学基金项目(No. 2019072)； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究两栖类在冬眠期及其前后消化道嗜银细胞是否参与冬眠期的消化调节，本文以牛蛙(Rana catesbeiana)为实验对象，采用Grimelius银染法，对冬眠期前(n = 10)、冬眠期(n = 10)和冬眠期后(n = 10)牛蛙消化道嗜银细胞的形态及密度进行比较研究。结果表明，牛蛙消化道各部位均有嗜银细胞分布；牛蛙消化道嗜银细胞形态在冬眠期、冬眠期前及冬眠期后无差异，均为锥体型、梭型和椭圆型；牛蛙消化道各部位具有外分泌功能的锥体型和梭形嗜银细胞密度在3个时期均显著高于具有内分泌功能的椭圆型嗜银细胞密度(P < 0.01)；3个时期牛蛙消化道嗜银细胞分布密度高峰均位于空肠处，但低谷有所不同，冬眠期前和冬眠期后牛蛙消化道嗜银细胞的分布密度低谷位于食管，而冬眠期其分布密度低谷位于贲门；3个时期相比，冬眠期前和冬眠期幽门处分布密度差异不显著(P > 0.05)，其余部位均有差异，且食管、胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠和直肠中嗜银细胞分布密度在冬眠期显著高于冬眠期前和冬眠期后(P < 0.05)；冬眠期前和冬眠期后消化道嗜银细胞分布密度呈倒“U”型趋势，冬眠期分布密度呈现“~”型趋势。结合相关研究，推测牛蛙嗜银细胞分布密度的改变可能与机体适应不同生理状态及消化功能的调节有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] Hibernation is a very frequent occurrence in animals. During hibernation, the activity and digestive functions of animals are reduced, and the metabolic rate of animals is much lower than the basal metabolic rate, especially in amphibians and reptiles. Research demonstrated that the numbers of glucagon, gastrin, and somatostatin cells in the digestive system of Rana catesbeiana during hibernation were higher than that during the non-hibernation period or not significantly changed. Argyrophilic cells are the general term for the endocrine cells of the digestive tract that regulate the digestion, absorption, and feeding behavior of animals. However, little is known about the changes of argyrophilic cells in the digestive tract of R. catesbeiana pre-hibernation and post-hibernation, so we studied these changes during hibernation. [Methods] As a pre-hibernation experimental group, we acquired 10 R. catesbeiana from the Harbin Hada wholesale aquatic products market in September 2020 and acclimated them for 7 d in the laboratory. As a hibernation phase experimental group, 10 R. catesbeiana were obtained in October 2020 and acclimated to lab settings for 7 d in 6 ℃ incubators until mid-December 2020. April 10, 2021, 7 d under acclimatized laboratory conditions for the post-hibernation experimental group. Each R. catesbeiana was fed a live goldfish weighing around 3.5 g every three days while it was being domesticated. The Grimelius silver staining was applied to the intestinal tract. SPSS 23.0 and Duncan’s multiple range test were applied to make a statistical analysis of the argyrophilic cells in the digestive tract of three periods of R. catesbeiana. An independent sample t-test was applied to compare the distribution density of the argyrophilic cells in the same part of the digestive tract of the three groups, and the data were shown as “mean ± SE”. GraphPad Prism Version 8.0 software was used to plot the data. The argyrophilic cells were photographed using MOTICAM ProS5Lite microimaging system. [Results] The argyrophilic cells in R. catesbeiana digestive tract did not differ morphologically during hibernation, pre-hibernation and post-hibernation, being cone-shaped, fusiformis and ellipse. Cone-shaped and fusiformis argyrophilic cells with exocrine activity in various parts of the R. catesbeiana digestive tract had considerably larger densities in the digestive tract during the three periods than elliptical cells with endocrine function (P < 0.01). In all three phases, the distribution density of argyrophilic cells peaked in the jejunum, while the troughs varied. The distribution densities of argyrophilic cells are lowest in the esophagus during the pre-hibernation and post-hibernation periods, and in the cardia during the hibernation period. Except for the pre-hibernation and hibernation periods, there were differences in the distribution density at the pylorus (P > 0.05), and the distribution densities of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and rectum during hibernation were significantly higher than those of the pre-hibernation and post-hibernation periods (P < 0.05). In the pre-hibernation and post-hibernation periods, the argyrophilic cells displayed an inverted “U”-shaped distribution pattern, and in the hibernation phase, a “~”-shaped distribution pattern (Fig. 2). [Conclusion] Overall, the variations in the distribution density of argyrophilic cells in R. catesbeiana during the three time periods were correlated with the physiological states and functions of the major digestive tract components. The distribution density of argyrophilic cells increased dramatically during hibernation compared to pre-hibernation and post-hibernation, which was linked to improved immunological response and an increase in the small intestine’s sensitivity to neurotransmitters. In short, the morphological characteristics of the argyrophilic cells did not change significantly in pre-hibernation and post-hibernation, whilst the number of argyrophilic cells changed to accommodate the regular performance of their digestive activities and endocrine functions. |
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