| 何巧玲,邓可,崔建国.2023.海南原指树蛙皮肤腺体的组织学结构观察.动物学杂志,58(6):840-852. |
| 海南原指树蛙皮肤腺体的组织学结构观察 |
| Histology Structure of Cutaneous Glands in Hainan Frilled Treefrogs Kurixalus hainanus |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-01 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202322304 |
| 中文关键词: 蛙类 石蜡切片 透射电镜 颗粒腺 黏液腺 |
| 英文关键词:Anurans Paraffin section Transmission electron micrographs Mucous glands Serous glands |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(No. 32000313)，两栖爬行动物行为学四川省青年科技创新团项目(No. 2022JDTD0026)，四川省自然科学基金项目(No. 2022NSFSC1736)； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 两栖动物皮肤的显著特征之一是外分泌腺体遍布全身，这些腺体释放的分泌物在繁殖、交流和防御等方面起重要作用。本研究利用组织学技术，对海南原指树蛙(Kurixalus hainanus)头部、背部、体侧、颏部以及腹部的皮肤样本进行了显微结构(包括H.E、AB-PAS和Masson三色染色方法)和超微结构的观察，并利用线性混合效应模型对皮肤厚度、腺体分布和大小进行了统计分析。显微结构的观察和分析结果显示，海南原指树蛙的皮肤中仅有黏液腺(Ⅰ型黏液腺和Ⅱ型黏液腺)和颗粒腺，未发现特化腺体。皮肤腺体的种类未发现性别差异，但同性别个体的皮肤厚度、腺体的分布和大小存在部位差异，且这些指标在特定部位存在性别差异。皮肤厚度的差异可能与海南原指树蛙的运动方式和繁殖方式相适应，腺体分布和大小的差异可能与防御功能和性别二态性有关。超微结构观察结果显示，黏液腺含有中、高电子密度的黏液颗粒；颗粒腺的分泌颗粒有接触相融的现象，可能是一种物质成熟的阶段性反应。本研究为蛙类皮肤结构、腺体种类和分布提供了基础资料，为后续开展海南原指树蛙挥发性分泌物的化学成分研究提供了形态学基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objectives] Exocrine glands distributed throughout the skin are one of the conspicuous characteristics in amphibians. The secretions of these glands play a vital role in reproduction, communication, and defense. In order to investigate the types, distribution, and ultrastructure of the glands in treefrogs, we used histological techniques to observe the microstructure (including Hematoxylin-Eosin, Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff and Masson staining methods) and ultrastructure of skin samples from cephalic, dorsal, lateral, mental and ventral regions of Hainan Frilled Treefrogs (Kurixalus hainanus). [Methods] A linear mixed effect model was used to analyze differences in thickness of skin, distribution of glands and size of glands among body regions in sex-specific individuals where body regions were used as a fixed factor and individuals were used as a random factor, and sex differences of those metrics in specific body regions where sex was used as a fixed factor and individuals were used as a random factor. All statistics were performed in SPSS 22.0. [Results] Ordinary mucous glands (Ⅰ MG & Ⅱ MG), serous glands, but not specialized glands were found in most areas (Fig. 1). Microstructure analysis revealed that both male and female frogs had the same type of glands, but there were significant differences in the skin thickness, the distribution of glands, and the size of glands among body regions in sex-specific individuals (Fig. 2, 3). In addition, there was a significant sex difference in these metrics in specific body regions (Fig. 2, 3). The differences in skin thickness might result from an adaption to the locomotive and reproductive patterns of K. hainanus. The differences in distribution and size of the glands might be related to defensive function and sexual dimorphism. Ultrastructural analysis showed that there were different sizes and densities of vesicles in mucous glands (Fig. 4), and the aggregate serous vesicles indicated a staged reaction of substance maturation (Fig. 5). [Conclusion] This study provides fundamental information on skin structure, types of glands, and distribution of glands in anurans. Moreover, this study contributes to further study on the chemical component of volatile secretions from K. hainanus with a morphological basis. |
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