The responses of soil meso-and microfaunal community to the different water-soil erosion controlling methods was investigated in Huangfuchuan Watershed, Inner Mongolia from September 2007 to September 2008. Sampling plots were chosed as Pinus tabulaeformis woodland, Populus simonii woodland, Caragana intermedia shrub, Astragalus adsurgens meadow, and abandoned cropland. Cropland was chosed as control. A total of 14 747 meso-microfauna belonging to 5 phyla, 7 classes and 10 groups were captured. The dominant group was Nematode, which accounted for 95.53% of the total number of meso-and microfauna. The common groups were Acarina and Collembola. Compared to the cropland, the individual number of meso-and microfauna had an increase trend in all of water-soil erosion controlling plots, but had no significance between them (P >0.05). The number of Nematode in A.adsurgens meadow, and the number of Acarina and Collembola in Pinus tabulaeformis woodland and Populus simonii woodland were significant higher than that of in cropland (P<0.05). The soil surface gathering of the vertical distribution of meso-and microfauna were enhanced in different water-soil erosion controlling plots. The results from RDA showed that the significant positive correlations occurred between the individual number of meso-and microfauna, Acarina, Collembola and the litter thickness, average tree (grass) height and soil organic matter. The results suggested that all of the water-soil erosion controlling methods that carried out in the study region were favorable to the restoration of meso-and Microfaunal community. In contrast, the plots which had thicker leaf litter layer (e.g. Pinus tabulaeformis woodland, Populus simonii woodland and abandoned cropland) were more beneficial to the restoration of Acarina and Collembola.