| 孙雯,潘新园,梁健超,丁志锋,周江,胡慧建.2021.喜马拉雅中段繁殖鸟类种域格局及 Rapoport法则检验 ——基于3 600 m海拔梯度范围的数据.动物学杂志,56(3):358-366. |
| 喜马拉雅中段繁殖鸟类种域格局及 Rapoport法则检验 ——基于3 600 m海拔梯度范围的数据 |
| Species Range Pattern of Breeding Birds in the Middle Part of the Himalayas with a Test of Rapoport?s Rule——Based on Data from an Altitude Gradient of 3 600 m |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-27 修订日期：2021-03-11 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202103005 |
| 中文关键词: 鸟类 Rapoport法则 喜马拉雅山脉 吉隆沟 |
| 英文关键词:Birds Rapoport’s rule Himalayas Gyirong Valley |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31400361，31901220） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 物种种域的分布规律是生物地理学与生物多样性研究的热点问题。Rapoport法则认为，物种分布范围随海拔上升而增大，但其适用性一直存在较大争议。喜马拉雅山脉是全球生物多样性热点地区之一，拥有全球最广的海拔落差以及完整的垂直气候和植被带，是验证Rapoport法则的理想场所。为探讨中喜马拉雅山脉吉隆沟3 600 m海拔梯度范围内繁殖鸟类种域分布是否符合Rapoport法则，于2012和2013年的雨季，利用样线法对中喜马拉雅吉隆沟地区的繁殖鸟类进行了4次调查。在海拔1 800 ~ 5 400 m的调查区域内，每300 m海拔梯度布设调查样线3条，共计36条样线。调查共记录到繁殖鸟类169种，种域范围低频方向呈明显偏右分布。平均种域为（1 642.29 ± 544.63）m，中值为728.5 m。其中，种域最大为3 300 m。分别使用Stevens方法、中点法、逐种法、Pagel法和四分法对调查数据进行处理，采用线性回归方程验证其是否符合Rapoport法则。结果表明，Rapoport法则的有效性与验证方法有关，Stevens方法、中点法、逐种法均不支持Rapoport法则，而Pagel法和四分法支持Rapoport法则。综合表明，吉隆沟繁殖鸟类种域海拔格局对Rapoport法则的支持较弱，说明Rapoport法则在该区域适用性较差。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The distribution rule of species range is a hotspot in the study on biogeography and biodiversity. According to the Rapoport’s law, it is believed that the range of species distribution increases as the altitude rises, but its applicability has been controversial. The Himalayas is one of the global biodiversity hotspots, with the largest altitude differences and complete vertical climate and vegetation zones in the world, so it is an ideal place to verify the Rapoport’s law. In order to investigate whether the species distribution of breeding birds within 3 600 m altitude gradient of Gyirong Valley section in the Middle Himalayas is in accordance with the Rapoport’s law, four surveys on breeding birds in Gyirong Valley section of the Middle Himalayas were carried out in rainy seasons of 2012 and 2013 using the line transect method. A total of 36 line transects were set up at an altitude range from 1 800 m to 5 400 m, with three line transects every 300 m altitude gradient (Fig. 1). A total of 169 species of breeding birds were recorded in the survey, and the species range was significantly skewed to the right (the average was 1 642.29 ± 544.63 m, the median was 728.5 m, and the maximum was 3 300 m, Fig. 2). Then, Stevens method, middle point method, Cross-species method, Pagel method and quartic method were used respectively to process the data, and the equation of linear regression was used to verify whether its complying with the Rapoport law. The results showed that the effectiveness of the Rapoport’s law was related to the verification method. Stevens’s method, middle point and Cross-species method did not support the Rapoport’s law, while Pagel method (R2 = 0.533) and quartic method (R2 = 0.382) supported the Rapoport’s law (Fig. 3). The comprehensive results demonstrated that the altitude pattern of breeding birds in Gyirong valley section presented a weak support for the Rapoport’s law, showing less applicable in this section. |
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