| 朱迎娣,倪俊,刘群秀.2020.基于正交试验设计开展的黑猩猩 食物丰容效果研究.动物学杂志,55(2):256-263. |
| 基于正交试验设计开展的黑猩猩 食物丰容效果研究 |
| The Study of Food Enrichment of Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) by Orthogonal Testing Method |
| 投稿时间：2019-09-21 修订日期：2020-03-13 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202002015 |
| 中文关键词: 黑猩猩 正交试验 食物丰容 取食行为 |
| 英文关键词:Chimpanzee Orthogonal test Food enrichment Feeding behavior |
| 基金项目:上海市绿化和市容管理局资助项目（No. G170420） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于正交试验设计，对上海动物园8头黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）进行食物丰容（木丝、麻袋和竹筒）对取食行为影响的研究，利用正交试验设计试验因素和水平，采用所有事件取样法记录丰容前后黑猩猩取食行为的持续时间。结果表明，通过正交试验设计，能够有效对不同的试验方案进行排序。本研究中，对黑猩猩取食行为影响的主次顺序依次为木丝 > 麻袋 > 竹筒；不同食物丰容方式对成年雄性取食行为影响不显著，所有成年雌性丰容后取食行为增加，且取食占比比雄性高，幼年个体在丰容后取食行为占比降低。3种丰容方式对成年雄性和幼年个体的取食行为都没有显著影响。对4头成年雌性黑猩猩的最优丰容组合为木丝和麻袋（有无竹筒都可），对1头亚成年雌性黑猩猩的最优组合为木丝（有无竹筒和麻袋都可）。木丝对成年雌性取食行为的影响极显著（P < 0.01），竹筒对每个个体行为影响均不显著（P > 0.05），麻袋对部分个体影响不显著（P > 0.05）。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Food enrichment experiments (wood-wool, sack and bamboo tube) were carried out on 8 Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) fed at Shanghai Zoo, and the orthogonal test was used to design the test factors and levels. We recorded feeding behavior using all-occurrence recording method before and after food enrichment. The results showed that the order of the factor on feeding behavior was wood-wool > sack > bamboo tube. The influence of different food enrichments on feeding behavior of adult male was not significant, while all the adult females decreased. The proportion of feeding behavior of young individuals decreased after enrichment. There was no significant effect on adult male and young individual in the three ways of enrichment. The optimal combination of enrichment for four adult female chimpanzees was wood-wool and sack (with or without bamboo tube), and the optimal combination for one sub adult female chimpanzee was wood-wool (with or without bamboo tube and sack). The effect of wood -wool on adult female's feeding behavior was very significant (P < 0.01), and the influence of bamboo tube on each individual’s behavior was not significant (P > 0.05), and the effect of sack on some individuals was not significant (P > 0.05) (Table 6). |
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