| 滑荣,崔多英,刘佳,李淑红,赵永强,张亚楠.2020.江苏盐城湿地麋鹿冬季食性研究.动物学杂志,55(1):1-8. |
| 江苏盐城湿地麋鹿冬季食性研究 |
| Winter Diets of Père David''s Deer in Yancheng Wetland, Jiangsu Province, China |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-12 修订日期：2020-01-02 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.202001001 |
| 中文关键词: 麋鹿 冬季 食性 营养质量 采食策略 |
| 英文关键词:Key words: Elaphurus davidianus Winter Diets Nutritional quality Foraging strategy |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31470460），中国动物园协会大熊猫及珍稀野生动物保护基金项目，北京市公园管理中心科技项目； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2017年12月至2018年3月在江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区，利用粪便显微组织学分析技术结合野外直接观察法对麋鹿（Elaphurus davidianus）冬季食性和食物营养成分进行了分析。野外调查在7条样线上共收集228堆麋鹿粪便，组成14个复合样本进行分析。结果表明，麋鹿冬季食物来源于14科51种植物，其中，芦苇（Phragmites australis，23.09%）和互花米草（Spartina alterniflora，17.58%）为最主要食物，其次为盐地碱蓬（Suaeda salsa，6.50%）、白茅（Imperata cylindrica，5.36%）、獐毛（Aeluropus sinensis，4.90%）、苇状羊茅（Festucas arundinacea，3.83%）、扁秆藨草（Scirpus planiculmis，3.45%）、碱蓬（Suaeda glauca，3.27%）、碱茅（Puccinellia distans，3.12%）、黑麦草（Lolium perenne，2.60%）和茵陈蒿（Artemisia capillaris，2.60%）。麋鹿冬季食物以草本植物为主（96.73%），极少采食木本植物枝叶（3.27%）。被啃食植物中粗蛋白含量基本满足麋鹿越冬营养需求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| We studied the composition and quality of Père David''s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) winter diets in Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve, Rare Birds, Jiangsu Province from December 2017 to March 2018 using fecal analysis and direct observation. We surveyed along seven transects (representing four vegetation types) and collected 228 fecal pellets, which formed 14 composite samples. We also collected plants at the foraging grounds to construct a reference library of plant cell morphology, which was used to identify plants in the fecal samples. The frequency conversion method was used to calculate the density of each food resource. The winter diets of Père David''s deer were composed of 51 plant species belonging to 14 families, with Phragmites australis (relative density 23.09%) and Spartina alterniflora (17.58%) being their staples. Other food plants included Suaeda salsa (6.50%), Imperata cylindrical (5.36%), Aeluropus sinensis (4.90%), Festucas arundinacea (3.83%), Scirpus planiculmis (3.45%), Suaeda glauca (3.27%), Puccinellia distans (3.12%), Lolium perenne (2.60%) and Artemisia capillaris (2.60%). Herbs constituted 96.73% of the total forage quantity, with the remainder consisting of twigs and leaves of woody plants. The percentage of crude protein found in the browse was sufficient for the nutritional needs of the Père David''s deer. |
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