The Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) is the top predator at Saihanwula Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia, which functioned as the major controller on prey abundance and community composition for the regional wild animal ecological balance. Study on the fecal residue of the lynx could reveal the food components and understanding the prey sharing mechanism with other sympatric carnivores. Moreover, this baseline information will provide references for endangered species conservation and habitat management in the reserve. In this study we collected 35 lynx scats by line transact sampling within the nature reserve from 2006 to 2008, and the relative occurrence frequency index was used to compare the food components (Fig. 1). The hare (30.85%) and plants (28.72%) occurred mostly in the scats, while the frequency of each food items varied annual (χ2 = 18.696, P < 0.001) and seasonal (χ2 = 74.695, P < 0.001, Table 1 and 2). Hare played a crucial role in lynx food spectrum at the study area. The lynx is an opportunistic predator who captures on large size prey more often in the cold season while feeds on small size prey frequently in the warm season.