| 陈楚,孙嘉,李滢钰,黄璞祎.2018.三种底栖淡水鱼类皮肤黏液细胞分布与数量比较.动物学杂志,53(6):931-937. |
| 三种底栖淡水鱼类皮肤黏液细胞分布与数量比较 |
| Comparison of the Distribution and Number of Skin Mucous Cells in Three Species of Benthic Freshwater Fishes |
| 投稿时间：2018-05-05 修订日期：2018-10-15 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201806011 |
| 中文关键词: 葛氏鲈塘鳢 黄颡鱼 泥鳅 皮肤黏液细胞 底栖 |
| 英文关键词:Perccottus glenii Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Skin mucous cell Benthic |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项（No. 2572014BA01），东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目（No. 201810225028） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用常规石蜡切片以及AB-PAS染色方法研究了葛氏鲈塘鳢（Perccottus glenii）、黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）以及泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）3种底栖淡水鱼类的皮肤黏液细胞类型以及分布，计数10个视野下（视野面积为43.5 μm × 32.6 μm）3种鱼类头部、背部、腹以及尾部皮肤的黏液细胞数量，并用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）比较鱼体4种黏液细胞数量差异。结果表明：（1）3种鱼类的主要黏液细胞不同，葛氏鲈塘鳢鱼体黏液细胞中Ⅲ型细胞居多，较Ⅰ型细胞多61.5%，较Ⅱ型细胞多85.8%，较Ⅳ型细胞多85.7%；在黄颡鱼体表，Ⅰ型黏液细胞分布数量最多，较Ⅱ型细胞多9.9%，较Ⅲ型细胞多15.1%，较Ⅳ型细胞多53.5%；而在泥鳅体表以Ⅱ型细胞数量最为丰富，较Ⅰ型细胞多88.3%，较Ⅲ型细胞多33.1%，较Ⅳ型细胞多83.5%。（2）对于葛氏鲈塘鳢，黏液细胞集中分布在头部，比背部黏液细胞数量多15.4%，比腹部黏液细胞数量多出38.0%，比尾部黏液细胞数量多56.7%；黄颡鱼以背部黏液细胞数量为多，比头部黏液细胞数量多42.5%，比腹部黏液细胞数量多46.6%，比尾部黏液细胞数量多51.4%；泥鳅也在背部具有丰富的黏液细胞，比头部黏液细胞数量多49.9%，比腹部黏液细胞数量50.6%。（3）3种鱼类之间的黏液细胞总数不同，泥鳅体表的平均黏液细胞数量最多，相较于葛氏鲈塘鳢多38.9%，较黄颡鱼多39.1%。研究结果表明，不同鱼类的鱼体表面黏液细胞种类不同，可能与其生活环境和鱼体本身的特性有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The types and distribution patterns of skin mucous cells in three species of benthic freshwater fishes were analyzed with conventional paraffin sections and AB-PAS staining method. We divided the mucus cells into four groups, type Ⅰ cells were red, type Ⅱ cells were blue, type Ⅲ cells were amaranth, and the type Ⅳ cells were bluish violet (Fig. 1). The numbers of mucous cells in head, back, belly and tail of these three kinds of fishes were counted in 10 visual fields (the area of visual fields was 43.5 μm × 32.6 μm), and the average number of mucous cells was calculated. Using One-way Anova, we compared the number of four types of mucous cells in Perccottus glenii, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Results showed that representative mucous cell type was different in different kinds of fishes, which might be related to the pH of the water in which they live. The acidity and alkalinity of fish mucus was often balanced with the environment. In mucous cells of Perccottus glenii, the majority was type Ⅲ which contains plenty of neutral mucopolysaccharides and some acid mucopolysaccharides. Its number was 61.5% more than that of type Ⅰ cells, 85.8% more than that of type Ⅱ cells, 85.7% more than that of type Ⅳ cells. On the body surface of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the number of type Ⅰ mucous cells accounted for the majority, and they mainly contained neutral mucopolysaccharide. Their number was 9.9% more than that of type Ⅱ cells, 15.1% more than that of type Ⅲ cells, and 53.5% more than that of type Ⅳ cells. On the body surface of M. anguillicaudatus, type Ⅱ cells accounted for the most, and they contained a lot of acid mucopolysaccharides. Their number was 88.3% more than that of type Ⅰ cells, 33.1% more than that of type Ⅲ cells, and 83.5% more than that of type Ⅳ cells (Table 1). Acid mucopolysaccharides were widely distributed on the mucous surface of the skin in all three species of fishes, and they might have important immune function to fishes, helping to remove germs and harmful substances from the environment, and playing a vital role in normal physiological activities. The number of mucous cells varied from part to part, and forepart trended to have more mucous cells than the back. For Perccottus glenii, mucous cells were mainly distributed on head, the number of mucous cells in the back was 15.4% more than that in the back, 38.0% more than that in the abdomen, and 56.7% more than that in the tail. The mucous cells of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were mainly centralized on the back, the number of mucinous cells in the head was 42.5% more than that in the head, 46.6% more than that in the abdomen, and 51.4% more than that in the tail. M. anguillicaudatus also possessed rich mucous cells on the back, the number of mucinous cells in the back was 49.9% higher than in the head, 50.6% higher than in the abdomen, and 43.8% higher than in the tail (Table 1). The total numbers of mucous cells in the three species were different. There were more mucous cells in non-phosphorous fish than in squamous fish. The whole body′s mucus cells of M. anguillicaudatus or Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were more than that of Perccottus glenii, and moreover, the total number of mucous cells on the body surface of M. anguillicaudatus accounted for the most, 38.9% more than that in the Perccottus glenii, and 39.1% more than that in the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The types of mucous cells on the body surface of different kinds of fishes were different, which may relate to the living environment or their own characteristics. The Acid-alkaline of fish mucous cells is the same as that of environment. In addition, the distribution of mucous cells is related to the species of fish and the location of distribution. |
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