| 刘艳超,刘海平,刘书蕴,刘孟君.2018.温度对尖裸鲤胚胎发育及其仔稚鱼生长性状的影响.动物学杂志,53(6):910-923. |
| 温度对尖裸鲤胚胎发育及其仔稚鱼生长性状的影响 |
| Effect of Temperature on Embryonic Development and Growth Traits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii Larvae and Juvenile |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-27 修订日期：2018-10-13 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201806009 |
| 中文关键词: 尖裸鲤 胚胎 温度 生长性状 仔稚鱼 |
| 英文关键词:Oxygymnocypris stewartii Embryo Temperature Growth traits Larvae and juvenile |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. 31560144）和西藏财政专项（No. XZNKY-2018-C-040，2017CZZX004，2017CZZX003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用实验生态学方法研究温度对尖裸鲤（Oxygymnocypris stewartii）胚胎发育及仔稚鱼生长性状的影响，旨在掌握温度对其早期发育的影响。结果表明，随着温度的升高，胚胎的孵化时间缩短，发育速度加快。在平均水温5 ℃、8 ℃、11 ℃、14 ℃和17 ℃下，尖裸鲤的胚胎孵化时间分别为530.78 h、366.12 h、214.22 h、220.63 h、153.95 h，温度和孵化时间呈幂函数关系，有效积温在水温为11 ℃时最低，为2 356.4 h ·℃。尖裸鲤胚胎不同发育时期在不同温度下的累计时间均呈现指数函数关系。随着温度的升高，孵化率呈现先降低后升高的趋势，水温范围在11 ~ 17 ℃时，温度系数Q10值和Q13值最接近2。尖裸鲤初孵仔鱼全长与温度间呈现三次多项式函数，全长与温度之间不存在显著性关系；而初孵仔鱼卵黄囊体积与温度间呈现显著性的二次多项式函数。综合各项指标表明，尖裸鲤胚胎的适宜孵化水温为11 ~ 17 ℃，仔稚鱼的适宜生长水温为14 ~ 17 ℃。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To understand the effect of water temperature on fish embryo development is important for its successful artificial rearing and domestication. Temperature has a great influence on the metamorphosis of fish embryos and larvae. Accordingly, the effects of temperature on embryonic development and growth traits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii larvae and juvenile were studied in the laboratory. The fertilized eggs of O. stewartii were randomly and averagely divided and raised at different water temperature groups (5, 8, 11, 14, 17 ℃), respectively. Morphological measurements included total length, long diameter of yolk and short diameter of yolk volume were measured by a stereo microscope with Nikon Image Analysis system (Nikon SMZ1500). We used one-way ANOVA and regression analysis to analyze the data by the SPSS 21 and Excel 2007 software. Accumulated temperature K = the time of a certain development stage × average temperature, hatching rate (%) = number of hatched larvae / number of fertilized eggs × 100%, fertilization rate = number of fertilized eggs / total number of eggs invested × 100%, yolk volume = (4 / 3) π × (long diameter of yolk / 2) × (short diameter of yolk / 2)2, temperature coefficient Q10 = (Incubation time at temperature T0 / Incubation time at temperature Ta)10(Ta - T0). Descriptive statistics was presented as mean ± standard error, and the significance level was set at P < 0.05. The results showed that the hatching time of the embryos was shortened and the development speed was accelerated with the increasing of water temperature. The hatching time of embryo was separately 530.78 h, 366.12 h, 214.22 h, 220.63 h, 153.95 h at different temperatures (5, 8, 11, 14, 17 ℃), the relationship between temperature and incubation time was in a power function style (Fig. 2). The minimum accumulated temperature at 11 ℃ was 2 356.4 h · ℃ (Fig. 4). The relationships between developmental periods and their accumulative time of O. stewartii embryo at different temperatures were all in an exponential function style (Table 2). The hatching rate showed a trend of decreasing firstly and increasing then with the rising of water temperature (Fig. 3). Compared with the Q10, the Q13 was closest to 2 when the temperature was 11﹣17 ℃ (Table 3). Total length of O. stewartii larvae at hatching and temperature did not show a significant cubic function, but the relationship between yolk volume of larvae at hatching and temperature was in a significant quadratic function style (Table 4). The results indicatethat the suitable temperature for early development of O. stewartii embryo is 11﹣17 ℃, and the suitable growth temperature for the larvae and juvenile is 14﹣17 ℃. |
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