| 龙建亮,张池,杨远秀,伍捷鹏,陈旭飞,戴军.2018.赤子爱胜蚓对两种土壤中细菌群落结构组成及多样性的影响.动物学杂志,53(6):963-977. |
| 赤子爱胜蚓对两种土壤中细菌群落结构组成及多样性的影响 |
| Effects of Eisenia fetida on the Bacterial Community Structure Compositions and Diversities in Two Types of Soils |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-08 修订日期：2018-11-05 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201806014 |
| 中文关键词: 赤子爱胜蚓 土壤 高通量测序技术 细菌群落结构 多样性 |
| 英文关键词:Eisenia fetida Soil High throughput sequencing technique Bacterial community structure Diversity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划子课题（No. 2016YFD0201301，2016YFD0201200），国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No. 41201305） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究探讨赤子爱胜蚓（Eisenia fetida）对不同土壤细菌群落结构的影响，以便利用蚯蚓改善土壤生物学质量。选取华南地区赤红壤和水稻土，分别接种赤子爱胜蚓进行10 d室内盆钵培养，运用16S rDNA Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术对培养前后土壤的细菌群落结构进行分析。结果显示：（1）经赤子爱胜蚓取食后，两种土壤的细菌群落结构均发生了改变。赤红壤中增加了5个非优势细菌门，分别为FBP、纤维杆菌门（Fibrobacteres）、OP11、柔膜菌门（Tenericutes）和Thermi；Cytophagia、Spartobacteria和疣微菌纲（Verrucomicrobiae）从非优势细菌纲变为优势细菌纲；Solibacteres从优势细菌纲变为非优势细菌纲。水稻土中海绵菌门（Poribacteria）为新增加的1个非优势细菌门；螺旋体门（Spirochaetes）从非优势细菌门变为优势细菌门；4个非优势细菌门消失，分别为SBR1093、SC4、WS4和WS5；螺旋体纲（Spirochaetes）和疣微菌纲从非优势细菌纲变为优势细菌纲；浮霉菌纲（Planctomycetia）从优势细菌纲变为非优势细菌纲；酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）依然是两种土壤中的优势类群；（2）赤红壤中酸杆菌门的相对丰度显著下降44.90%，拟杆菌门的相对丰度显著上升14.88%；水稻土中酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）、硝化螺旋菌门（Nitrospirae）、浮霉菌门和疣微菌门等6种细菌类群的相对丰度分别显著下降49.05%、20.44%、64.01%、35.00%、33.56%和24.38%，而拟杆菌门和螺旋体门的相对丰度分别显著上升28.85%和154.17%；（3）两种土壤细菌丰度的变化情况存在差异：赤红壤细菌丰度呈上升趋势，水稻土细菌丰度呈下降趋势，而两种土壤的细菌多样性变化则均呈下降趋势。本研究说明，经赤子爱胜蚓取食后赤红壤和水稻土的细菌群落结构组成和多样性均发生变化，为深入理解蚯蚓与土壤微生物群落的相互作用机制提供参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study explored the effect of Eisenia fetida on the soil bacterial community structure, to facilitate selecting earthworms to improve soil quality. After 10 days of incubation by E. fetida in both lateritic red and paddy soil, 16S rDNA Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique was employed to analyze the bacterial community structure compositions and diversities of the soils with or without earthworms. Sequence splicing and statistical analysis of OTU abundance were calculated by FLASH and UCHIME, and OTU species classification and Alpha community abundance index were analyzed using R and mothur. The results showed that the bacterial community structure of the soils with earthworms varied, compared to that of the soils without earthworms, indicating that E. fetida changed the soil bacterial community structure. In lateritic red soil, 5 non-dominant phyla were newly added at the presence of the earthworms, which were FBP, Fibrobacteres, OP11, Tenericutes and Thermi. In addition, it could be observed that Cytophagia, Spartobacteria and Verrucomicrobiae in lateritic red soil incubated by E. fetida turned into dominant classes, while Solibacteres became a non-dominant class (Fig. 2 & Fig. 3). In paddy soil that incubated with E. fetida, it was noted that Poribacteria was newly added as a non- dominant phylum, that Spirochaetes became a dominant phylum, as well as that the non-dominant phyla involving SBR1093, SC4, WS4 and WS5 died out (Fig. 4). Besides, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobiae became dominant classes while Planctomycetia declined to be a non-dominant class (Fig. 5). In general, the dominant bacteria in both lateritic red and paddy soil with the incubation of E. fetida included Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia (Fig. 2 & Fig. 4). The relative abundance of Acidobacteria significantly decreased by 44.90% but the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes significantly increased by 14.88% in the lateritic red soil with the incubation of E. fetida (Table 3). In contrast, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia significantly decreased by 49.05%, 20.44%, 64.01%, 35.00%, 33.56% and 24.38% respectively while Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes significantly increased by 28.85% and 154.17% in the paddy soil incubated by earthworms (Table 4). The variations on the abundances of the bacteria in the two types of soils were different. In detail, it was increased in lateritic red soil but decreased in paddy soil at the presence of the earthworms. Moreover the bacterial diversities in both lateritic red and paddy soils decreased (Table 5). It revealed that E. fetida changed the community structure compositions and diversities of bacteria in the two types of soils and thus this study offered a theoretical foundation for further understanding of earthworm digestion and its interactions with microorganisms. |
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