| 龙晓文,赵磊,麻楠,刘建国,吴旭干,成永旭.2018.饲料中添加雨生红球藻粉对中华绒螯蟹成体雄蟹生化组成的影响.动物学杂志,53(2):278-291. |
| 饲料中添加雨生红球藻粉对中华绒螯蟹成体雄蟹生化组成的影响 |
| Effects of Dietary Supplementation Powder of Haematococcus pluvialis on the Body Biochemical Composition of Adult Male Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) |
| 投稿时间：2017-06-22 修订日期：2018-03-06 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201802014 |
| 中文关键词: 雨生红球藻粉 中华绒螯蟹雄体 常规成分 脂肪酸组成 类胡萝卜素组成 |
| 英文关键词:Haematococcus pluvialis powder Male Eriocheir sinensis Proximate composition Fatty acid composition Carotenoid composition |
| 基金项目:上海市科学技术委员会科研项目（No. 13320502100），科技部港澳台科技合作专项项目（No. 2014DFT30270），上海高校水产学一流学科建设项目（No. 2012-62-0908），深圳澳华农牧科技有限公司委托项目（No. D-8006-15-0054），农业部现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目岗位科学家项目（No. CARS-46） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2020 |
| 全文下载次数: 1966 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究饲料中添加雨生红球藻（Haematococcus pluvialis）粉对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）成体雄蟹成活、增重和生化组成的影响，分别在饲料中添加0、0.2%、0.4%和0.6%的雨生红球藻粉，配制4种等氮等脂的育肥饲料，投喂生殖蜕壳后雄蟹60 d，计算各组成活率、增重率、特定生长率和肥满度，同时测定了组织中的常规营养成分、脂肪酸组成和类胡萝卜素含量，并对实验数据进行方差分析。结果显示：（1）饲料中添加雨生红球藻粉对成体雄蟹的成活率、增重率、特定生长率和肥满度均无显著影响。（2）雄蟹性腺中的粗蛋白及肝胰腺总脂含量均以雨生红球藻粉0.4%组最高，而肌肉水分含量随饲料中雨生红球藻粉含量的升高整体呈上升趋势（P < 0.05）。（3）性腺中的脂肪酸C20:0含量随饲料雨生红球藻粉添加水平的升高而显著上升，而C16:1n7、C18:2n6和C18:3n3含量分别在雨生红球藻粉0.6%组、0.4%组和0组最高（P < 0.05）。（4）肝胰腺中的脂肪酸C14:0、C18:0和C18:1n7含量均以雨生红球藻粉0.2%组最高，而C18:1n9和总单不饱和脂肪酸（∑ MUFA）含量均以雨生红球藻粉0.6%组最高（P < 0.05）。（5）肌肉中的脂肪酸C14:1n5和C20:2n6含量在雨生红球藻粉0.2%组最高（P < 0.05），C16:0含量及二十二碳六烯酸/二十碳五烯酸（DHA/EPA）比例以雨生红球藻粉0.4%组最高，而C22:6n3、总多不饱和脂肪酸（∑PUFA）、∑n-3 PUFA和总高度不饱和脂肪酸（∑HUFA）含量均以雨生红球藻粉0.6%组最高（P < 0.05）。（6）肝胰腺中的虾青素、β-胡萝卜素和头胸甲中的虾青素、叶黄素、玉米黄素含量随饲料中雨生红球藻粉含量的升高而显著上升（P < 0.05）。综上，饲料中添加雨生红球藻粉对成体雄蟹成活率、增重率和肥满度无显著影响，但可提高性腺粗蛋白、肌肉总多不饱和脂肪酸、肝胰腺和头胸甲中的类胡萝卜素含量，雄蟹育肥饲料中适宜的雨生红球藻粉添加量建议为0.4%左右。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Haematococcus pluvialis powder on survival, weight gain and biochemical composition of adult male Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic fattening diets were formulated by adding powder of H. pluvialis in 0, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% in weight to feed the adult male E. sinensis for 60 days (defined as D1﹣D4) (Table 1). The survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and condition factor were measured and the proximate composition, fatty acid profile and carotenoid content in the tissues of male E. sinensis were detected. The experimental data was statistically analyzed with variance analysis. The results showed as the followings: (1) dietary supplementation powder of H. pluvialis had no significant effects on the survival rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and condition factor of adult male E. sinensis (P > 0.05) (Table 2). (2) The highest contents of protein was detected in the gonad and hepatopancreas lipid in the treatment D3, while the content of moisture in the muscle showed an increasing trend with the increasing of the powder of H. pluvialis in the diet (P < 0.05) (Table 3). (3) An increasing trend was found for the fatty acid C22:0 in the gonad with increasing powder of H. pluvialis powder in the diet, while the highest contents of C16:1n7, C18:2n6 and C18:3n3 were detected in the treatment of D4, D3 and D1, respectively (P < 0.05) (Table 4). (4) Individuals in treatment D2 had the highest contents of C14:0, C18:0 and C18:1n7 in the hepatopancreas, while the highest contents of C18:1n9 and total monounsaturated fatty acids (∑ MUFA) were detected in treatment D4 (P < 0.05) (Table 5). (5) The highest C14:0 was found in the muscle for individuals in treatment D1, while individuals in treatment D2 showed the highest C14:1n5 and C20:2n6 (P < 0.05), the crabs in treat D3 had the highest percentage of C16:0 and DHA/EPA ratio in their muscle, while the highest contents of C22:6n3, total polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑ PUFA), as well as ∑ n-3 PUFA and total highly unsaturated fatty acids (∑ HUFA) were detected in D4 treatment (P < 0.05) (Table 6). (6) The contents of astaxanthin and β-carotene in the hepatopancreas as well as astaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin in the carapace increased significantly with increase of H. pluvialis powder in the diet (P < 0.05) (Table 7). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of powder H. p luvialis had no significant effects on the survival rate, weight gain rate and condition factor for adult male E. sinensis, while increased the contents of gonadal protein and muscle total polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as the carotenoid contents in the hepatopancreas and carapace. These results suggested that the optimal diet was with powder of H. pluvialis at approximately 0.4 %. |
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