| 周慧,李加儿,区又君,温久福,王鹏飞,谢木娇,刘奇奇,赵彦花.2017.四指马鲅视网膜早期发育的组织学研究.动物学杂志,52(3):458-467. |
| 四指马鲅视网膜早期发育的组织学研究 |
| Histological Observation on the Development of Retina in Fourfinger Threadfin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum) Larvae |
| 投稿时间：2016-07-18 修订日期：2017-02-16 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201703012 |
| 中文关键词: 四指马鲅 视网膜 发育 |
| 英文关键词:Fourfinger Threadfin, Eleutheronema tetradactylum Retina Development |
| 基金项目:广东省省级科技计划项目（No. 2014A020217010，2016A030303029），广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项（No. A201401A05，B201601-12），中国水产科学研究院基本业务费专项基金项目（No. 2017HY-ZD0403） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文采用石蜡连续切片技术、H.E染色和显微测量法，对四指马鲅（Eleutheronema tetradactylum）早期发育过程中视网膜的结构、分化和形成过程以及视觉特性进行了研究。结果显示，受精后8 h
54 min，视杯已经形成。初孵仔鱼视网膜没有分化。2日龄仔鱼可以清晰的辨认出色素上皮层、外核层、内核层和神经节细胞层。3日龄仔鱼内核层已经分化出水平细胞、双极细胞和无长突细胞。4日龄仔鱼视网膜10层结构完整。9日龄至14日龄，外核层胞核数目与神经节细胞数目的比值增大，视网膜会聚程度升高，是该鱼视觉特性发生变化的过渡期，这与其从浮游到浅海中下层和泥沙质海底活动的生态迁移相适应。在生长发育的早期阶段，其视网膜内核层水平细胞仅有1到2层，属于感光系统不甚发达的类型。该鱼在仔鱼浮游生活阶段，视敏度较高，视觉对其行为和摄食活动具有重要作用，适应生活于光照较充足的环境中，转入浅海中下层和泥沙质海底后，光敏度和视敏度均较差，视觉在其行为和摄食活动中不具有主要作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| We studied the retina structure, differentiation, forming process and visual characteristics of Fourfinger Threadfin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum) in the early stage by paraffin serial sections, H.E staining and microscopic measurement. A total of 10 visual fields near retinal center of Fourfinger Threadfin at different developmental stages were randomly selected, and the total retinal thickness and the sub-layers retinal thickness of were measured with Qcapture Pro software and the average value was calculated. The numbers of nuclei in outer and inner nuclear layers, and the number of ganglion cells per unit length (100 μm) of each visual field were counted and the average value was calculated. At 8 h 54 min after fertilization, optic cup was formed but the retina of newly hatched larvae was not yet differentiated (Fig. 1a). Retinal pigment epithelium, outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer, ganglion cell layer at 2 days after hatching could be clearly defined (Fig. 1c). Horizontal cells, bipolar cells and amacrine cells in inner nuclear layer at 3 days after hatching had been differentiated (Fig. 1d). At 4 days after hatching, the retina structure was well developed (Fig. 1e). In after days 10 layers of retina could be clearly identified (Fig. 1f﹣i). The ratio of nuclei of photoreceptor layer to ganglion cells increased from 9 days to 14 days after hatching (Fig. 3), indicating that convergence degree of retina was elevated and this period was transitional period of visual characteristics. This was adapted to ecological shift of this species. In early stage, there were only one or two layers of horizontal cells and the sensitization system was underdeveloped. The visual acuity of larvae in the early stage was comparatively high and the vision played a very significant role in behavior and feeding and adapted to live in an adequate light environment. After they swam to shallow muddy bottoms, both the acuity and light sensitivity were weak, therefore, the vision did not have an important effect on behavior and feeding. |
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