| 李忠利,冉辉,杨马,罗鹏.2017.锦江翘嘴鲌的繁殖生物学特征.动物学杂志,52(2):263-270. |
| 锦江翘嘴鲌的繁殖生物学特征 |
| Reproductive Biology of Topmouth Culter (Culter alburnus) in Jinjiang River |
| 投稿时间：2016-06-21 修订日期：2017-02-20 |
| DOI：10.13859/j.cjz.201702010 |
| 中文关键词: 锦江 翘嘴鲌 繁殖生物学 |
| 英文关键词:Jinjiang River Topmouth Culter, Culter alburnus Reproductive biology |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技厅联合基金项目（黔科合LH字[2014]7482），贵州省普通高等学校工程中心建设项目（黔教合KY[2012]028号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对2015年1月至12月采集于锦江的翘嘴鲌（Culter alburnus）进行了繁殖生物学特征的研究。锦江的翘嘴鲌繁殖期集中在6 ~ 7月，属分批产卵类型。繁殖群体年龄在3+ 龄至6+ 龄之间，体长250 ~ 537 mm，体重184.9 ~ 2 587.5 g。雌雄性比1.14︰1，体表差异表现在泄殖孔和腹部膨胀程度，雌雄群体间体长-体重关系存在显著性差异（0.01 < P < 0.05）。性成熟雌鱼绝对繁殖力25 067 ~ 54 274粒，相对繁殖力24.2 ~ 36.9粒/g，平均卵径（1.1 ± 0.3）mm。性成熟系数在1 ~ 5月份逐渐增大，6月明显上升，7月达到最高峰，8月显著下降，9 ~ 12月逐渐趋于平缓。采用Logistic方程推算了初次性成熟个体特征，雄性体长273 mm，体重192.0 g，年龄3.4龄；雌性体长311 mm，体重249.4 g，年龄4.2龄。锦江种群繁殖期与其他地理种群相近，但绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力明显偏小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Topmouth Culter (Culter alburnus) is an usual economic fish which distributed in most of the rivers in China. Because of the destructive fishing and environmental pollution, the population was significantly reduced. In order to study the present resource status of spawning population in the upper Yangtze River, 374 samples were collected in the Jinjiang River during January to December in 2015. The body length, body weight, net weight and ovary weight were measured. And then the body was dissected to pick out the vertebrae for age identification, the gonadosomatic index were calculated. The results showed that the reproductive periods of this fish species frequently occurred in June and July. The age distribution of reproductive population were between 3 and 6, the body length ranged from 250 to 537 mm, and the body weight ranged from 184.9 to 2 587.5 g. Sex ratio was 1.14︰1 (Table 1). There were significant differences between males and females, which expressed physically on cloacal orifice and the swelling degree of abdomen, and also by the body length to body weight equation (0.01 < P < 0.05, Fig. 1). The Logistic equation was used to calculate the characteristics of the first maturity: the body length and weight of females were 273 mm, 192.0 g and 4.2-year-old, while the males were 311 mm, 249.4 g and 3.4-year-old (Fig. 2). Absolute fecundity of matured females was from 25 067 to 54 274, and relative fecundity ranged from 24.2 to 36.9 per gram in weight, of which the average egg diameter was 1.1 ± 0.3 mm. Annual changes of gonado somatic index of the female and male groups were consistent, and the line chart increased from January to May, escalated obviously in June and reached the peak in July, but decreased rapidly in August, and then tended to be steady from September to December (Fig. 3). The egg diameter distribution of mature ovary had two distinct peak curves, which indicated the female spawns in batches (Fig. 4). Contrary to the reproductive population of fish in other rivers, the population in Jinjiang had the same reproductive periods but with a lower absolute fecundity and relative fecundity. The fecundity, egg diameter, reproductive periods and sexual diversity from different geographical populations were analyzed, and some protection strategies should be reinforced. |
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