| 王陈路,田捷,陈友明,黄成.2016.不同地位克氏原螯虾胜利者-失败者效应的稳定性.动物学杂志,51(5):799-805. |
| 不同地位克氏原螯虾胜利者-失败者效应的稳定性 |
| Stability of Winner-loser Effect in Dominants and Subordinates Crayfish Procambarus clakii |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-09 修订日期：2016-07-04 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201605009 |
| 中文关键词: 克氏原螯虾 等级秩序 胜利者-失败者效应 |
| 英文关键词:Procambarus clakii Social status Winner-loser effect |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No. NSFCJ1103512）；江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[No. CX（14）2077] |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同地位的克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clakii）胜利者-失败者效应的稳定性。通过视频拍摄优势者和从属者在新的领域中各自与等重量级雄性螯虾连续遭遇战，统计胜负场数、格斗次数、时间、优势指数等多个参数。在与陌生对手的首次交战中，40个优势者中有23只螯虾取得了胜利，17只失败，胜负比例之间差异不显著；而从属者中获胜比例为18/40，与失败者的比例之间也没有差异，说明优势者和从属者之间原有的等级地位并不被陌生对手识别。在与陌生对手的第二次交战中，获胜的优势者中18/23的螯虾再次胜利，极显著高于失败的螯虾比例；获胜的从属者中，仅11/18的螯虾再次胜利，与失败者的比例之间不显著；而失败的优势者中，13/17的螯虾持续失败，失败的从属者中，17/22的螯虾持续失败，均显著高于获胜的比例，说明不同地位的螯虾胜利者-失败者效应稳定性不同，优势者的胜利者-失败者效应均比较稳定，而从属者的失败者效应稳定，胜利者效应并不稳定，一胜之后不能获得稳定、完全的二胜。对格斗次数、时间、优势指数等参数统计分析发现，胜利或失败的优势者以及从属者在格斗策略上有较大的差异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the stability of winner-loser effect of dominant and subordinate crayfish Procambarus clakii, and discuss the agonistic strategy when they face new opponent in the same size, we first put two individual of crayfish marked with different colors together for 3 days and recorded the winner and loser for each pair. We separated the pair for 3 h, then provided a new crayfish for both of them to made two new pairs for 30 min and taped the fighting results for both winners and losers. Among the 40 winners, 23 individuals won the fight with the new crayfish at first time they encountered and the rest was loser. There was no any difference between percent of winner and loser for the dominant crayfish; for the subordinate group, 18 out of 40 won the first fight, no difference between the percent of winner and loser (α ≤ 0.05, Table 1). The level of significance under which the null hypothesis was rejected is α 0.05. We found that (Table 1): 23/40 the origin social status of the crayfish cannot be recognized by the stranger. In the second fight, 18 out of 23 crayfish who won the first game were the winner in the dominant group, the individuals won twice was significant more than that won the first game and lose the second fight. While in the subordinate group, only 11/18 of them won again. In contrast, 13 out of 17 losers for the dominant group and 17 out of 22 losers for the subordinate for the subordinate group lose again in the second fight. No matter crayfish whether dominant nor the subordinate, the number of crayfish who lose twice were significant more than that lose in the first encounter and won the second. That suggested the winner effect was stable for dominant crayfish, while the loser effect is stable for subordinate one. However winner effect is not stable in subordinate crayfish. In addition, we used t-test to analyze the times of fighting, duration of fighting, and dominant index (Table 2﹣5) and found out that the agonistic strategy between the dominant crayfish (no mater they were winner or loser) and subordinate ones was difference that would cause different result of the fight. |
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