| 张根芳,张文府,方爱萍.2016.三角帆蚌贝壳珍珠层颜色遗传规律的初步研究.动物学杂志,51(4):675-681. |
| 三角帆蚌贝壳珍珠层颜色遗传规律的初步研究 |
| Preliminary Research on Shell Nacre Color Inheritance of Hyriopsis cumingii |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-16 修订日期：2016-07-01 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201604021 |
| 中文关键词: 三角帆蚌 珍珠层颜色 紫色 白色 遗传规律 |
| 英文关键词:Hyriopsis cumingii Nacre color Purple White Inheritance |
| 基金项目:浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项项目（No. 2012C12907-5），浙江省自然科学基金项目（No. LY13C190004，金华市科技计划项目（No. 2012-2-006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探明三角帆蚌（Hyriopsis cumingii lea）贝壳珍珠层颜色的遗传规律，为珍珠层颜色的选择育种提供理论指导，利用三角帆蚌紫色和白色选育品系进行自交和正反杂交，建立了白色♂ × 白色♀、白色♂ × 紫色♀、紫色♂ × 白色♀和紫色♂ × 紫色♀4个交配组合，统计分析了每个交配组合子代的珍珠层颜色分离情况。结果显示，白色自交组合的子代贝壳珍珠层颜色全部表现为白色，没有发生颜色分离；杂交组合的子代珍珠层颜色出现两种情况，一是全部表现为紫色，二是颜色发生分离，且紫色和白色个体比例符合1︰1的比例关系；紫色自交组合的子代珍珠层颜色也出现两种情况，一是全部表现为紫色，二是颜色分离出紫色和白色，且比例符合3︰1的比例关系。结果表明，三角帆蚌贝壳珍珠层颜色受遗传基因控制，可以稳定遗传，属质量性状。珍珠层紫色性状对白色性状为显性，两种颜色性状均不存在母性遗传。白色个体为隐性纯合体，选育纯化较为容易，而紫色个体既有显性纯合体又有杂合体，选育纯化相对较困难。性,两种颜色性状均不存在母性遗传。白色个体为为隐性纯合体,选育纯化较为容易,而紫色个体既有显性纯合体又有杂合体,选育纯化相对困难。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Four mating combinations of Hyriopsis cumingii inclouding white♂×white♀(WW), white♂×purple♀(WP), purple♂×white♀(PW) and purple♂×purple♀(PP) were established by diallel crossing of white and purple selected strains, and then the number of offspring whose nacre color separation occurs was count and analysed by Chi-square test. The results showed that the nacre color of white inbred offspring was all white, no occurrence of color separation; In hybrid offspring, the color separation appeared two kind of situations. The offspring of one situation were all purple nacre color, and the other entirely different one were color separation occurrence, with the segregation of purple and white individual fits a ratio of 1:1; In purple inbred offspring, the color separation appeared two kind of situations too. The offspring of one situation were all purple nacre color, and the other entirely different one were color separation occurrence, with the ratio of purple and white segregating individual was 3:1. It indicated that shell nacre color of H. cumingii which can be inherited stably was controlled by genes, and it belong to qualitative trait. The purple nacre color trait was dominant over white nacre color, and the two kinds of color traits there were no maternal inheritance. The white individual was recessive homozygote, which purified breeding was more easily, while the purple individual may be homogeneous or heterogeneous, so purified breeding was relatively difficult. |
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