| 甘维熊,王红梅,邓龙君,曾如奎,张宏伟,向成权.2016.雅砻江短须裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的形态发育.动物学杂志,51(2):253-260. |
| 雅砻江短须裂腹鱼胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的形态发育 |
| The Morphological Development of Embryo and Yolk-sac Larva of Yalong river Schizothorax wangchiachii |
| 投稿时间：2015-07-10 修订日期：2016-02-18 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201602011 |
| 中文关键词: 短须裂腹鱼 胚胎 卵黄囊仔鱼 形态发育 |
| 英文关键词:Schizothorax wangchiachii Embryo Yolk-sac larvae Morphological development |
| 基金项目:雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司项目（JPIA-201226） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 当前短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)已被列为雅砻江和金沙江的增殖放流保护鱼类，为探讨两水系的环境差异对其早期发育产生的影响，本文以雅砻江短须裂腹鱼为研究对象，通过人工授精获得受精卵，对胚胎和早期仔鱼的形态发育特征进行了观察，并与已有报道的金沙江短须裂腹鱼胚胎与仔鱼早期发育研究进行比较。研究结果显示，雅砻江短须裂腹鱼卵径（2.70 ± 0.02）mm，较金沙江短须裂腹鱼大0.34 mm；初孵仔鱼全长（11.36 ± 0.22）mm，比金沙江短须裂腹鱼长 2.7 mm；在水温（14 ± 1）℃时，两水系的短须裂腹鱼胚胎发育时序基本一致，但听囊等部分功能器官的发育时序存在差异；胚胎发育历时181 h，积温2 539.98 h·℃，分别比金沙江短须裂腹鱼早73 h和低1025 h·℃；出膜后1 ~ 9 d，仔鱼的鳃、口、胸鳍、尾鳍、鳔、肠道等功能器官先后形成，第9天卵黄囊吸收基本完全，与金沙江短须裂腹鱼一致。比较表明，两水系短须裂腹鱼在早期发育特征基本相同，但卵径大小、孵化历时、部分器官发育时序等存在一定差异，可能是二者为适应环境而做出不同的选择。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin (Schizothorax wangchiachii) is mainly distributed in southwest river system of China, which is an important economic fish. The wild resource was gradually decreased in recent years，due to overfishing and the water conservancy project. In order to protect the species, hatchery-produced juvenile release program has been implemented in China, and some basic research had been carried out simultaneously. The paper was mainly focused on the morphological development of embryo and yolk-sac larva of Ya-long river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin, and then compared to the Jin-sha river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin, in order to verify the early life stage of Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin which from the different living environment. The mature Ya-long river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin, reared in Fish Breeding and Releasing Station of Jinping-Guandi Hydropower Plants, were used for artificial propagation in this study. The fertilized eggs were hatched in Yushchenko incubator with water temperature of (14 ± 1) ℃. The morphological development of embryo and yolk-sac larva was described and photographed with stereoscopic anatomical lens, randomly select the embryo and larva 30 and 10 every time, respectively.The biology data of larvae was measured with vernier caliper. Photoshop CS4 was used for phtogragh processing and the Excell software for data processing. The results showed that the Ya-long river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin larvae hatched 181 h after fertilization, and the accumulative temperature was 2 539.98 h·℃. The time table of Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin embryo development can be acquired from Tab.1 and the embryo morphological development of Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin was showed in Fig.1. The average total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 11.36 ± 0.22 mm, and TL was 15.64 ± 0.59 mm,when the yolk-sac was absorbed thoroughly, the larvae growth data and morphological development was showed in Tab.2 and Fig.2, respectively. The conclusion was that the early life stage of Ya-long river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin was basically same with Jin-sha river Wangchiachii’s schizothoracin, but some characteristic were differences such as egg diameter, hatch time and so on, maybe due to living environment difference. |
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