| 韦力,雷焕宗,邵伟伟,丁国骅,童美玲,林植华.2016.异丙甲草胺、醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的急性致死效应.动物学杂志,51(1):45-56. |
| 异丙甲草胺、醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的急性致死效应 |
| Lethal toxic effects of metolachlor, kresoxim-methyl and prochloraz-manganese chloride complex to Bufo gargarizans tadpoles |
| 投稿时间：2015-04-28 修订日期：2015-12-31 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201601006 |
| 中文关键词: 农药 急性毒性 联合毒性 半致死浓度 安全浓度 中华大蟾蜍 无尾类 |
| 英文关键词:Pesticide Acute toxicity Joint toxicity median lethal concentration safety concentration Bufo gargarizans Anura |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 31270443）、浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY13C030004） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用静态换水方法研究了异丙甲草胺、醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐三种农药对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的急性毒性及其联合毒性。结果表明,在急性毒性试验中,异丙甲草胺、醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐在24h、48h及72h对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为29.81、28.81、25.83 mg/L；1.72、1.46、1.41 mg/L以及7.43、3.75、3.22 mg/L。异丙甲草胺、醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐三种农药的安全浓度(SC)分别为8.07、0.32和0.29 mg/L。异丙甲草胺为中等毒性农药,而醚菌酯和咪鲜胺锰盐均为剧毒性农药。在两两联合的毒性试验中,异丙甲草胺/醚菌酯和异丙甲草胺/咪鲜胺锰盐均表现为中等毒性,醚菌酯/咪鲜胺锰盐表现为剧毒性,其对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪在24h、48h、72h的LC50值分别为18.41、15.69、13.38mg/L；15.56、10.45、8.11mg/L和4.17、2.84、2.00mg/L,且其相对应的安全浓度分别为3.42、1.41和0.40mg/L。在联合毒性评价中,异丙甲草胺/醚菌酯联合组在24h和48h表现为拮抗作用,醚菌酯/咪鲜胺锰盐联合组在48h表现为加和作用,其余均表现为协同作用。与前期发表数据进行综合和比较,发现中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪对不同污染物表现出很强的敏感性。本研究结果将为我们进一步对无尾类动物的毒理学研究提供科学参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the method of stability water tests, we examined the acute toxicity and their pairwise joint toxicity of metolachlor, kresoxim-methyl and prochloraz-manganese chloride complex to Bufo gargarizans tadpoles. Our results showed that under acute toxicity alone treatments the median lethal concentrations (LC50) of metolachlor, Kresoxim-methyl and prochloraz-manganese chloride complex examined in 24h, 48h and 72h were 29.81, 28.81, 25.83 mg/L; 1.72, 1.46, 1.41 mg/L and 7.43, 3.75, 3.22 mg/L respetively, with their corresponding safety concentration (SC) of 8.07, 0.32 and 0.29 mg/L, respetively. The toxicology of metolachlor were moderately toxic, whereas both Kresoxim-methyl and prochloraz-manganese chloride complex were highly toxic. Under pairwise joint toxicity treatments, we found that the effects of the combination of metolachlor/kresoxim-methyl and metolachlor/prochloraz-manganese chloride complex were moderately toxic, while the combination of Kresoxim-methyl and prochloraz-manganese chloride complex was highly toxic. The LC50 values examined in 24h, 48h and 72h were 18.41, 15.69 and 13.38 mg/L for metolachlor/kresoxim-methyl group, with corresponding values of 15.56, 10.45 and 8.11 mg/L for metolachlor/prochloraz-manganese chloride complex group, 4.17, 2.84 and 2.00 mg/L for kresoxim-methyl/prochloraz-manganese chloride complex group, respetively, and their safe concentration were 3.42, 1.41 and 0.40mg/L. For toxic evaluations of pairwise combinations of the three pesticides, we found that the treatments conducted in metolachlor/ kresoxim-methyl group and kresoxim-methyl /prochloraz-manganese chloride complex at 48h showed antagonistic, the remain treatments showed synergistic. Combined and compared the data previously published, we found that the tadpoles of Bufo gargarizans were highly sensitive to various pollutants. We hoped these results should provide us some valuable scientific references for further investigation of toxicity in anuran species. |
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