| 王永明,曹敏,谢碧文,齐泽民,史晋绒,李斌,王芳,沈伟.2016.大渡河流域黄石爬鮡的年龄与生长.动物学杂志,51(2):228-240. |
| 大渡河流域黄石爬鮡的年龄与生长 |
| Age and Growth of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei in Dadu River |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-18 修订日期：2016-02-05 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201602009 |
| 中文关键词: 黄石爬鮡 年龄 生长 |
| 英文关键词:Euchiloglanis kishinouyei Age Growth |
| 基金项目:四川省省属高校科研创新团队(KYTD201009)、四川省教育厅项目(12ZB071)、内江师范学院大学生科研项目(13NSD﹣68)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2012年7月和2013年6月从大渡河支流脚木足河采集黄石爬鮡 (Euchiloglanis kishinouyei) 383尾，以脊椎骨作为主要年龄鉴定材料，对其年龄结构和生长特性进行了研究。结果表明：黄石爬鮡体长变幅为92 ~ 190 mm，其中110 ~ 140 mm个体占渔获物总量的74.41%；体重变幅为14.70 ~ 119.80 g，其中20 ~ 60 g个体占渔获物总量的84.86%；由3 ~ 13龄11个年龄组组成，5 ~ 8龄鱼占渔获物总量的84.07%；种群雌雄性比为1:1.06。体长(L)与脊椎骨半径(RO)回归方程为L =67.038 +50.783RO (n=325，R2 = 0.758，P<0.01)。雌雄个体体长和体重生长无显著差异，据体长(L，单位mm)﹣体重(W，单位g)关系式：W = 3×10﹣5L2.9279(n=383，R2 = 0.8071，P <0.01)，黄石爬鮡为等速生长类型。据体长、体重生长方程Lt=208.42 [1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)]、Wt=184.82 [1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)] 2.9279，体长、体重生长速度方程dL/dt=18.5494 e﹣0.089(t+1.20)、dW/dt=48.1610 e﹣0.089(t+1.20)[1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)]1.9279和体长、体重生长加速度方程d2L/dt2=﹣1.6509e﹣0.089 (t+1.20)、d2W/dt2=4.2863e﹣0.089 (t+1.20) [1﹣e﹣0.089 (t+1.20)]0.9279×[2.9279 e﹣0.089 (t+1.20) ﹣1]，黄石爬鮡属于生长缓慢，生命周期较长的鱼类。生长拐点年龄为10.87，落后于性成熟年龄(♀6龄，♂5龄)，属于性成熟后生长仍然较快的类型。产卵群体主要以补充群体(5、6龄)和低龄剩余群体(7、8龄)为主，资源已经受到严重破坏，需加大保护力度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Euchiloglanis kishinouyei which belonging to the genus Euchiloglanis in the family Sisoridae is an endemic fish which lives only in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Because of its special living environment, breeding habit and evolutionary, E. kishinouyei is an important object of study fish evolution. The purpose of this study was to determine age structure and growth characteristics of E. kishinouyei, and to propose effective measures to protect this species. A total of 383 specimens which were collected from mid July 2012 and late June 2013 in the Jiaomuzu River, a tributary river of the Yangtze River. Method: Body length and body weight of each specimen were measured. The characteristics of four kinds of age determination materials of E. kishinouyei, lapillus, pectoral fin spines, vertebra and opercular had been described and compared the similarities, differences and veracities. Calculation of increment rate and growth indexes of body length and body weight of E. kishinouyei by Yin Minchen’s methods (1995). The growth of E. kishinouyei was fitted by the equation of Von Bertalanffy. Statistic analysis of all data were taken using Microsoft excel 2003 and SPSS 19.0. Results: The results shows that vertebra was the main structure for age determination (Fig. 1). The standard length of the samples mainly ranged from 92﹣190 mm, which 110-140 mm individuals accounting for 74.41% of the total (Fig. 2). The total weight mostly ranged from 14.70﹣119.80 g, which 20-60 g individuals accounting for 84.86% of the tota1 (Fig. 3). Age of the fishes was identified to eleven age classes (3﹣13 years old) and individuals of 5﹣8 years old were dominated with frequency of 84.07% (Fig. 4). Sex ratio (♀︰♂) was 1︰1.06. There was a correlation between body length and vertebra, with the equation was L = 67.038 + 50.783RO (n = 325，R2 = 0.758，P < 0.01) (Fig. 5). The relationship between body length (L，unit mm) and total weight (W，unit g) showed no significant difference between ma1es and females, which could be expressed as: W = 3×10﹣5L2.9279 (n = 383, R2 = 0.807 1, P < 0.01) (Fig. 6). The growth of E. kishinouyei was in a constant speed which can be described with von Bertalanffy equation. According to the growth, growth rate and acceleration growth rate equation of body length and body weight, Lt = 208.42 [1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)], Wt = 184.82 [1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)] 2.9279, dL/dt = 18.5494 e﹣0.089(t+1.20), dW/dt = 48.1610 e﹣0.089(t+1.20)[1﹣e﹣0.089(t+1.20)]1.9279, d2L/dt2 =﹣1.6509e﹣0.089 (t+1.20), d2W/dt2 = 4.2863e﹣0.089 (t+1.20) [1﹣e﹣0.089 (t+1.20)]0.9279 [2.9279 e﹣0.089 (t+1.20)﹣1], the E. kishinouyei growth slow and it’s life cycle was so long. The growth inflexion points was 10.87 years with the corresponding body length 134.24 mm and body weight of 53.37 g, which behind the age of sexual maturity (♀6 age, ♂5 age). The Spawning groups were mostly supplement groups (5, 6 age) and low age remaining groups (7, 8 age) (Fig. 7). Above all, the resources of E. kishinouye were heavy damaged, measures such as strict ban to unreasonable catching and exploring the hydropower resources should be enhanced. |
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